Regulation of microbial populations by coral surface mucus and mucus-associated bacteria
Regulation of microbial populations by coral surface mucus and mucus-associated bacteria
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DOI：
10.3354/meps322001
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发表时间：
2006-01-01
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Ritchie, Kim B.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ritchie, Kim B.
加勒比地区的埃尔克霍恩珊瑚Acropora palmata由于环境压力、白化和疾病而减少。珊瑚死亡的潜在来源包括侵入性微生物，这些微生物被困在表面粘液中，并在珊瑚压力增加的条件下茁壮成长。在这项研究中，从健康的A. palmata抑制潜在入侵微生物的生长高达10倍。从A. palmata，20%显示出对一种或多种测试菌株的抗生素活性，包括与白色痘病有关的病原体。一种新的粘液介导的珊瑚共生体的选择揭示了一个离散的细菌子集，并选择产生抗生素的菌株。这一结果表明，珊瑚粘液在有益的珊瑚相关的微生物群落的结构中发挥作用，并意味着微生物对珊瑚粘液所描述的抗菌活性的贡献。有趣的是，当在夏季漂白事件期间收集粘液时，抗生素活性丧失。分离自表面健康的A.在这一事件中，掌状组织缺乏产藻细菌，主要是弧菌属成员，包括与全世界珊瑚随温度而漂白有关的物种。这表明有益细菌的环境转变以及珊瑚粘液保护质量的变化，这可能导致温度升高时机会微生物的过度生长。最后，珊瑚粘液抑制抗生素活性和色素生产在一个潜在的入侵细菌，说明珊瑚粘液可能会破坏机制用于细菌生态位的建立。
Caribbean populations of the elkhorn coral Acropora palmata have declined due to environmental stress, bleaching, and disease. Potential sources of coral mortality include invasive microbes that become trapped in the surface mucus and thrive under conditions of increased coral stress. In this study, mucus from healthy A. palmata inhibited growth of potentially invasive microbes by up to 10-fold. Among cultured bacteria from the mucus of A. palmata, 20% displayed antibiotic activity against one or more tester strains, including the pathogen implicated in white pox disease. A novel mucus-mediated selection for coral symbionts revealed a discrete subset of bacteria and selected for isolates that produce antibiotics. This result suggests that coral mucus plays a role in the structuring of beneficial coral-associated microbial communities and implies a microbial contribution to the antibacterial activity described for coral mucus. Interestingly, antibiotic activity was lost when mucus was collected during a summer bleaching event. Isolates from apparently healthy A. palmata tissue during this event lacked antibiotic-producing bacteria and were dominated by members of the genus Vibrio, including species implicated in temperature-dependent bleaching of corals worldwide. This indicates an environmental shift from beneficial bacteria, and variability in the protective qualities of coral mucus, which may lead to an overgrowth of opportunistic microbes when temperatures increase. Finally, coral mucus inhibited antibiotic activity and pigment production in a potentially invasive bacterium, illustrating that coral mucus may inactivate mechanisms used for bacterial niche establishment.