Is amyloid fibrillation related to 3D domain swapping for the C-terminal domain of SARS-CoV main protease?

Is amyloid fibrillation related to 3D domain swapping for the C-terminal domain of SARS-CoV main protease?
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淀粉样纤维颤动与 SARS-CoV 主蛋白酶 C 端结构域的 3D 结构域交换有关吗?

DOI:
10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.12.072
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发表时间:
2022-02-01
影响因子:
8.2
通讯作者:
Xia B
Xia B
中科院分区:
化学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Yuan Z;Qu Z;Duan B;Wang T;Xu J;Xia B

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在非变性条件下,SARS-CoV主蛋白酶(Mpro-C)的c端结构域可以通过交换完全埋在疏水核心内的α1螺旋形成3D结构域交换二聚体。在这里,我们报道了Mpro-C在体外3D结构域可交换条件下也可以形成淀粉样蛋白原纤维,并且原纤维不是通过失控/传播结构域交换形成的。研究发现,在不同温度下,不同突变体的结构域交换二聚化速率与淀粉样蛋白纤颤之间存在正相关。然而,一些不能进行3D结构域交换的Mpro-C突变体仍然可以形成淀粉样蛋白原纤维,这表明3D结构域交换对于淀粉样蛋白颤动并不是必需的。此外,核磁共振H/D交换数据和分子动力学模拟结果表明,原纤维核心区在三维结构域交换的早期有解包的趋势,从而使淀粉样蛋白在三维结构域交换过程中发生纤颤。我们提出,3D结构域交换使得蛋白质的淀粉样蛋白片段的解包成为可能,从而加速了淀粉样蛋白颤动的动力学过程,这解释了在许多蛋白质中观察到的淀粉样蛋白颤动和3D结构域交换之间的充分记录的相关性。
The C-terminal domain of SARS-CoV main protease (Mpro-C) can form 3D domain-swapped dimer by exchanging the α1-helices fully buried inside the protein hydrophobic core, under non-denaturing conditions. Here, we report that Mpro-C can also form amyloid fibrils under the 3D domain-swappable conditions in vitro, and the fibrils are not formed through runaway/propagated domain swapping. It is found that there are positive correlations between the rates of domain swapping dimerization and amyloid fibrillation at different temperatures, and for different mutants. However, some Mpro-C mutants incapable of 3D domain swapping can still form amyloid fibrils, indicating that 3D domain swapping is not essential for amyloid fibrillation. Furthermore, NMR H/D exchange data and molecular dynamics simulation results suggest that the protofibril core region tends to unpack at the early stage of 3D domain swapping, so that the amyloid fibrillation can proceed during the 3D domain swapping process. We propose that 3D domain swapping makes it possible for the unpacking of the amyloidogenic fragment of the protein and thus accelerates the amyloid fibrillation process kinetically, which explains the well-documented correlations between amyloid fibrillation and 3D domain swapping observed in many proteins.
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