Replication cycle and molecular biology of the West Nile virus.
Replication cycle and molecular biology of the West Nile virus.
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DOI：
10.3390/v6010013
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发表时间：
2013-12-27
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Brinton MA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Brinton MA
西尼罗河病毒（West Nile virus，WNV）是黄病毒科（Flaviviridae）黄病毒属（Flavivirus）的成员。黄病毒在感染细胞的细胞质中复制并改变宿主细胞环境。虽然已经了解了很多关于病毒体结构和病毒体-内体膜融合，但所使用的细胞受体尚未明确鉴定，并且对病毒复制周期的早期阶段知之甚少。黄病毒属的成员与该科其他两个属的成员的不同之处在于缺乏基因组内部核糖体进入序列，以及在ER膜中产生内陷而不是用作指数基因组合成位点的双膜囊泡。已经鉴定了形成负链起始所需的长距离RNA-RNA相互作用的WNV基因组3'和5'序列，并且已经绘制了NS 5的5' RNA茎环上的接触位点。获得的许多病毒蛋白质的结构提供了与其功能相关的信息。病毒的非结构蛋白相互作用是复杂的，有些可能只发生在受感染的细胞中。虽然许多细胞蛋白质和病毒成分之间的相互作用已被确定，这些相互作用的功能还没有被描绘。
West Nile virus (WNV) is a member of the genus Flavivirus in the family Flaviviridae. Flaviviruses replicate in the cytoplasm of infected cells and modify the host cell environment. Although much has been learned about virion structure and virion-endosomal membrane fusion, the cell receptor(s) used have not been definitively identified and little is known about the early stages of the virus replication cycle. Members of the genus Flavivirus differ from members of the two other genera of the family by the lack of a genomic internal ribosomal entry sequence and the creation of invaginations in the ER membrane rather than double-membrane vesicles that are used as the sites of exponential genome synthesis. The WNV genome 3' and 5' sequences that form the long distance RNA-RNA interaction required for minus strand initiation have been identified and contact sites on the 5' RNA stem loop for NS5 have been mapped. Structures obtained for many of the viral proteins have provided information relevant to their functions. Viral nonstructural protein interactions are complex and some may occur only in infected cells. Although interactions between many cellular proteins and virus components have been identified, the functions of most of these interactions have not been delineated.