Drd2 biased agonist prevents neurodegeneration against NLRP3 inflammasome in Parkinson's disease model via a β-arrestin2-biased mechanism
Drd2 biased agonist prevents neurodegeneration against NLRP3 inflammasome in Parkinson's disease model via a β-arrestin2-biased mechanism
复制标题
Drd2 偏向激动剂通过 β-arrestin2 偏向机制预防帕金森病模型中针对 NLRP3 炎性体的神经变性
DOI：
10.1016/j.bbi.2020.08.025
复制
发表时间：
2020-11-01
影响因子：
15.1
通讯作者：
Lu, Ming
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zhu, Jialei;Sun, Ting;Lu, Ming
Activated astrocytes secrete inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta) into the extracellular milieu, damaging surrounding neurons and involving in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases, such as Parkinson's disease (PD). Dopamine receptor D2 (Drd2) expresses both in neurons and astrocytes, and neuronal Drd2 is a significant target in therapy of PD. Our previous study reveals that astrocytic Drd2 exerts anti-inflammatory effect via non-classical beta-arrestin2 signaling in PD model. Therefore, seeking new biased ligands of Drd2 with better efficacy and fewer side effects to treat PD is desirable and meaningful. In the present study, we evaluated the effects of UNC9995, a novel biased Drd2 agonist on astrocyte-derived neuroinflammation and dopaminergic (DA) neuron degenerationin 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-induced mouse model of PD. We showed that UNC9995 rescued the TH+ neurons loss and inhibited glial cells activation in mouse substantia nigra in a Drd2 dependent manner. Focusing on astrocytes, we found UNC9995 shows a relatively safe concentration range and significantly suppresses astrocytic NLRP3 inflammasome activation induced by lipopolysaccharide plus ATP. Further study revealed that the anti-inflammatory effect of UNC9995 is independent of Drd2 / G alpha i protein pathway. It activates beta-arrestin2 by recruiting it to cell membrane. Critically, UNC9995 enhances beta-arrestin2 interacting with NLRP3 to interfere inflammasome assembly, which consequently reduces IL-1 beta production. On the other hand, UNC9995 inhibits IL-1 beta-induced inflammatory pathway activation in DA neurons and rescues subsequent apoptosis via beta-arrestin2 interacting with protein kinases, such as JNK and suppressing their phosphorylation. Furthermore, beta-arrestin2 knockout abolishes the anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects of UNC9995 in PD mouse model, supporting that UNC9995 is a beta-arrestin2-biased Drd2 agonist and revealing its novel function in PD treatment. Collectively, this work illustrates that Drd2 agonist UNC9995 prevents DA neuron degeneration in PD and provides a new strategy for developing the beta-arrestin2-biased ligands in the therapy of NDDs.
