Predictors of Improvement Following Speed of Processing Training in Middle-Aged and Older Adults With HIV: A Pilot Study
Predictors of Improvement Following Speed of Processing Training in Middle-Aged and Older Adults With HIV: A Pilot Study
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DOI：
10.1097/jnn.0000000000000034
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发表时间：
2014-02-01
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
Vance, David E.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kaur, Jaspreet;Dodson, Joan E.;Vance, David E.
研究表明，处理训练的速度可以改善正常老年人的认知功能。最近的一项研究表明，经过这种培训，感染艾滋病毒的中年和老年人在处理速度和日常功能方面也有所改善。主要目的是检查是什么预测了先前研究中观察到的处理训练增益的速度。参与者在基线时接受了广泛的人口统计学，心理社会学和神经心理学测量。他们被随机分为加工速度训练组（n = 22）和无接触对照组（n = 24）。参与者接受了大约10小时的计算机处理速度培训。通过相关分析，对有用视野（UFOV）测试和定时工具性日常生活活动（TIADL）测试的训练增益进行了预测。一般来说，那些在基线时在UFOV和TIADL上表现较差的人表现出明显更多的训练收益。此外，较高的HIV病毒载量、较差的药物依从性、较高的HIV诊断年数以及较低的威斯康星州卡片分类测试（一种执行功能测量）基线分数与较好的TIADL训练收益相关。HIV病毒载量较高、药物依从性较差和执行功能较差的患者的TIADL表现有所改善。处理速度培训可能是改善日常功能的一种方法，因此，在医学和认知方面更脆弱的艾滋病毒感染者中，生活质量也会有所提高。
Speed of processing training has been shown to improve cognitive functioning in normal older adults. A recent study demonstrated that middle-aged and older adults with HIV also improved on a measure of speed of processing and a measure of everyday functioning after such training. The primary objective was to examine what predicts the speed of processing training gains observed in the previous study. Participants were administered an extensive battery of demographic, psychosocial, and neuropsychological measures at baseline. They were randomized either to the speed of processing training group (n = 22) or to a no-contact control group (n = 24). Participants received approximately 10 hours of computerized speed of processing training. Predictors of training gains on the Useful Field of View (UFOV) Test and the Timed Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (TIADL) Test were examined through correlational analyses. In general, those who performed worse on the UFOV and TIADL at baseline demonstrated significantly more training gains. Also, higher HIV viral load, poorer medication adherence, a higher number of years diagnosed with HIV, and lower baseline scores on the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (an executive functioning measure) were correlated with better TIADL training gains. TIADL performance improved in those with higher HIV viral load, poorer medication adherence, and poor executive functioning. Speed of processing training may be a way to improve everyday functioning and therefore quality of life in more medically and cognitively vulnerable adults with HIV.