Head‐of‐tide bottleneck of particulate material transport from watersheds to estuaries
Head‐of‐tide bottleneck of particulate material transport from watersheds to estuaries
复制标题
从流域到河口的颗粒物质运输的潮头瓶颈
DOI：
--
复制
发表时间：
2015
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
K. Skalak
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
S. Ensign;G. Noe;C. Hupp;K. Skalak
我们测量了美国马里兰州从非潮汐到寡盐乔普坦克河和波科莫克河的四个洪泛区的沉积物、碳、氮和磷积累率。使用瓷砖收集一年的沉积物，并收集沉积物岩心，利用 137C 得出十年的沉积率。结果表明，短期和长期沉积物、C、N 和 P 积累率最高发生在 Choptank 潮汐淡水森林和波科莫克河寡盐沼泽的潮汐淡水森林中，最低比率发生在两条河流下游的潮汐淡水森林中。据推测，流域物质大部分被困在潮头处，河口物质被困在寡盐沼泽中。潮汐顶端的水文输送瓶颈储存了大部分可用的流域沉积物、C、N 和 P，在潮汐较低的淡水森林中形成沉积物阴影，可能限制其对海平面上升的恢复能力。
We measured rates of sediment, C, N, and P accumulation at four floodplain sites spanning the nontidal through oligohaline Choptank and Pocomoke Rivers, Maryland, USA. Ceramic tiles were used to collect sediment for a year and sediment cores were collected to derive decadal sedimentation rates using 137Cs. The results showed highest rates of short‐ and long‐term sediment, C, N, and P accumulation occurred in tidal freshwater forests at the head of tide on the Choptank and the oligohaline marsh of the Pocomoke River, and lowest rates occurred in the downstream tidal freshwater forests in both rivers. Presumably, watershed material was mostly trapped at the head of tide, and estuarine material was trapped in oligohaline marshes. This hydrologic transport bottleneck at the head of tide stores most available watershed sediment, C, N, and P creating a sediment shadow in lower tidal freshwater forests potentially limiting their resilience to sea level rise.