Walnut Consumption, Plasma Metabolomics, and Risk of Type 2 Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease
Walnut Consumption, Plasma Metabolomics, and Risk of Type 2 Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease
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DOI：
10.1093/jn/nxaa374
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发表时间：
2021-02-01
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Salas-Salvado, Jordi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Guasch-Ferre, Marta;Hernandez-Alonso, Pablo;Salas-Salvado, Jordi
背景：食用核桃与较低的2型糖尿病(T2D)和心血管疾病(CVD)风险相关。然而，与食用核桃相关的血浆代谢物是否也与较低的心脏代谢性疾病风险相关尚不清楚。目的本研究旨在确定与食用核桃相关的血浆代谢物，并评估已识别的代谢产物与T2D和CVD风险之间的前瞻性关联。方法研究人群包括1833名来自地中海预防饮食研究(PREDIMED)的高心血管风险参与者，并提供了基线的代谢组学数据。研究人群包括57%的女性(基线平均BMI(以公斤/米(2)为单位)：29.9；平均年龄：67岁)。共有1522名参与者在第一年也有可用的代谢组学数据，并被用作内部验证人群。使用LC-MS进行血浆代谢组学分析。使用弹性净连续回归分析评估了385种已知代谢物与核桃消费之间的横截面关联。使用了10次交叉验证(CV)程序，并在发现群体内的每对训练验证数据集中评估了代谢物加权模型和自我报告的核桃消费量之间的皮尔逊相关系数。结果共有19种代谢物与核桃消费显著相关，包括脂类、嘌呤类、酰肉碱和氨基酸。在发现人群和验证人群中，自我报告的核桃消费量与血浆代谢物谱之间的10-CV Pearson相关系数分别为0.16(95%CI：0.11，0.20)和0.15(95%CI：0.10，0.20)。代谢产物谱与T2D发生率呈负相关(每1个SD的HR：0.83；95%CI：0.71，0.97；P=0.02)。对于心血管疾病的发病率，每1-SD的HR为0.71(95%CI：0.6，0.85；P<；0.001)。结论在地中海心血管高危人群中，包括19种代谢物的代谢物与核桃的消费有关，并且发生T2D和心血管疾病的风险较低。
Background Walnut consumption is associated with lower risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, it is unknown whether plasma metabolites related to walnut consumption are also associated with lower risk of cardiometabolic diseases.Objectives The study aimed to identify plasma metabolites associated with walnut consumption and evaluate the prospective associations between the identified profile and risk of T2D and CVD.Methods The discovery population included 1833 participants at high cardiovascular risk from the PREvencion con DIeta MEDiterranea (PREDIMED) study with available metabolomics data at baseline. The study population included 57% women (baseline mean BMI (in kg/m(2)): 29.9; mean age: 67 y). A total of 1522 participants also had available metabolomics data at year 1 and were used as the internal validation population. Plasma metabolomics analyses were performed using LC-MS. Cross-sectional associations between 385 known metabolites and walnut consumption were assessed using elastic net continuous regression analysis. A 10-cross-validation (CV) procedure was used, and Pearson correlation coefficients were assessed between metabolite weighted models and self-reported walnut consumption in each pair of training-validation data sets within the discovery population. We further estimated the prospective associations between the identified metabolite profile and incident T2D and CVD using multivariable Cox regression models.Results A total of 19 metabolites were significantly associated with walnut consumption, including lipids, purines, acylcarnitines, and amino acids. Ten-CV Pearson correlation coefficients between self-reported walnut consumption and the plasma metabolite profile were 0.16 (95% CI: 0.11, 0.20) in the discovery population and 0.15 (95% CI: 0.10, 0.20) in the validation population. The metabolite profile was inversely associated with T2D incidence (HR per 1 SD: 0.83; 95% CI: 0.71, 0.97; P = 0.02). For CVD incidence, the HR per 1-SD was 0.71 (95% CI: 0.60, 0.85; P < 0.001).Conclusions A metabolite profile including 19 metabolites was associated with walnut consumption and with a lower risk of incident T2D and CVD in a Mediterranean population at high cardiovascular risk.