Influence of paternal preconception exposures on their offspring: through epigenetics to phenotype.
Influence of paternal preconception exposures on their offspring: through epigenetics to phenotype.
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发表时间：
2016-05
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
Jonathan Day;S. Savani;Benjamin D Krempley;Matthew Nguyen;J. Kitlińska
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Jonathan Day;S. Savani;Benjamin D Krempley;Matthew Nguyen;J. Kitlińska
从历史上看，对先天性缺陷的研究主要集中在妊娠期和产前期母体对胎儿基因组的影响。然而，最近的发现引发了人们对父本基因组表观遗传改变及其对后代影响的兴趣。这个新兴领域的重点是环境影响如何在表观遗传上改变基因表达并最终改变后代的表型和行为。这些变化涉及三种主要机制：DNA 甲基化、组蛋白修饰和 miRNA 表达。本文对过去的研究进行了总结和后续回顾，强调了环境因素在个体以及后代的一生中对父系生殖细胞的重大影响。这些发现支持父系经历的跨代表观遗传的存在。具体来说，我们探索了流行病学和实验室研究，这些研究证明了出生缺陷与父亲年龄、环境因素和饮酒之间可能存在的联系。最终，我们的综述强调了这些因素的临床重要性以及该领域未来研究的必要性。
Historically, research into congenital defects has focused on maternal impacts on the fetal genome during gestation and prenatal periods. However, recent findings have sparked interest in epigenetic alterations of paternal genomes and its effects on offspring. This emergent field focuses on how environmental influences can epigenetically alter gene expression and ultimately change the phenotype and behavior of progeny. There are three primary mechanisms implicated in these changes: DNA methylation, histone modification, and miRNA expression. This paper provides a summary and subsequent review of past research, which highlights the significant impact of environmental factors on paternal germ cells during the lifetime of an individual as well as those of future generations. These findings support the existence of transgenerational epigenetic inheritance of paternal experiences. Specifically, we explore epidemiological and laboratory studies that demonstrate possible links between birth defects and paternal age, environmental factors, and alcohol consumption. Ultimately, our review highlights the clinical importance of these factors as well as the necessity for future research in the field.