Taurine and Its Neuroprotective Role
Taurine and Its Neuroprotective Role
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DOI：
10.1007/978-1-4614-6130-2_2
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发表时间：
2013-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Wu, Jang-Yen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Kumari, Neeta;Prentice, Howard;Wu, Jang-Yen
牛磺酸在中枢神经系统中发挥多种作用，包括作为神经调节剂、渗透压调节剂、细胞质钙水平调节剂、发育中的营养因子和神经保护剂。在神经元中，牛磺酸已被证明可以防止线粒体功能障碍，并防止与神经系统疾病相关的内质网（ER）应激。在培养的皮质神经元中，牛磺酸通过逆转关键ER信号传导组分（包括eIF-2-α和裂解的ATF 6）水平的增加来保护兴奋性毒性。ER和线粒体之间的通信的作用也是重要的，并提出的例子，保护牛磺酸对ER压力，以及预防随后的线粒体启动的细胞凋亡。
Taurine plays multiple roles in the CNS including acting as a neuro-modulator, an osmoregulator, a regulator of cytoplasmic calcium levels, a trophic factor in development, and a neuroprotectant. In neurons taurine has been shown to prevent mitochondrial dysfunction and to protect against endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress associated with neurological disorders. In cortical neurons in culture taurine protects against excitotoxicity through reversing an increase in levels of key ER signaling components including eIF-2-alpha and cleaved ATF6. The role of communication between the ER and mitochondrion is also important and examples are presented of protection by taurine against ER stress together with prevention of subsequent mitochondrial initiated apoptosis.