Biohybrids: Textile fibres provide scaffolds and highways for microbial translocation.
Biohybrids: Textile fibres provide scaffolds and highways for microbial translocation.
复制标题
DOI：
10.3389/fbioe.2023.1188965
复制
发表时间：
2023
影响因子：
5.7
通讯作者：
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
简介：近年来，生物材料（生物杂合物、纺织微生物杂合物、杂合生物材料）受到了广泛关注，在生物医学科学、建筑环境、建筑和建筑、药物输送以及作为环境生物传感器方面具有巨大的应用潜力。活体材料包含基质，其结合微生物或生物分子作为生物活性组分。一种跨学科的方法，在创造性实践和科学研究的交叉点上运作，结合了纺织技术和微生物学，以证明纺织纤维在本研究中提供微生物支架和高速公路。 研究方法：这项研究是从以前的研究发展而来的，以前的研究表明细菌利用真菌菌丝体周围的水层进行运动，称为“真菌高速公路”，这导致了对微生物在一系列纤维类型（天然和合成）中的定向扩散的研究。该研究的应用集中在生物混合物作为生物技术的潜力，通过真菌或纤维高速公路将烃降解微生物接种到受污染的环境中，从而改善石油生物修复，因此测试了原油存在下的处理方法。此外，从设计的角度来看，纺织品具有巨大的潜力，可以作为水和营养物质的管道，这对维持生物材料中的微生物至关重要。利用天然纤维的吸湿特性，研究探索了如何使用纤维素和羊毛设计可变的液体吸收率，以生产适合于漏油捕获的形状变化的针织面料。 结果如下：在细胞尺度上，共聚焦显微镜提供的证据表明，细菌能够利用纤维周围的水层，支持纤维可以通过其作为“纤维高速公路”的使用来帮助细菌移位的假设。一种能动的细菌培养物，恶臭假单胞菌，被证明可以在聚酯，尼龙和亚麻纤维周围的液体层周围移位，但在丝绸或羊毛纤维上没有明显的移位证据，这表明微生物对特定的纤维类型引起不同的反应。研究结果表明，与无油对照组相比，在原油存在下，公路周围的易位活动并没有减少，已知原油含有丰富的有毒化合物。一个设计系列展示了真菌菌丝体（Pleopostreatus）通过针织结构的生长，突出了天然织物提供支持微生物群落的支架的能力，同时保留了经历环境响应性形状变化的能力。最终的原型Ebb&Flow展示了使用英国当地生产的羊毛扩大材料系统响应能力的潜力。该原型概念化了纤维对碳氢化合物污染物的吸收，以及微生物沿着沿着纤维高速公路的移位。 讨论内容：该研究致力于促进基础科学和设计转化为可用于真实的世界应用的生物技术解决方案。
Introduction: Living materials (biohybrids, textile-microbial hybrids, hybrid living materials) have gained much attention in recent years with enormous potential for applications in biomedical science, the built environment, construction and architecture, drug delivery and as environmental biosensors. Living materials contain matrices which incorporate microorganisms or biomolecules as the bioactive components. A cross-disciplinary approach, operating at the intersection of creative practice and scientific research, incorporated textile technology and microbiology to demonstrate textile fibres providing microbial scaffolds and highways during this study. Methods: The study evolved from previous research which showed bacteria utilising the water layer surrounding fungal mycelium for motility, termed the ‘fungal highway’, which led to the investigation of the directional dispersal of microbes across a range of fibre types (natural and synthetic). The application of the study centred around the potential for biohybrids to be used as a biotechnology to improve oil bioremediation through seeding of hydrocarbon-degrading microbes into polluted environments via fungal or fibre highways, therefore treatments in the presence of crude oil were tested. Furthermore, from a design perspective, textiles have huge potential to act as a conduit for water and nutrients, essential to sustain microorganisms within living materials. Using the moisture absorption properties of natural fibres, the research explored how to engineer variable liquid absorption rates using cellulosics and wool to produce shape-changing knitted fabrics suitable for adaptation to oil spill capture. Results: At a cellular scale, confocal microscopy provided evidence to show that bacteria were able to utilise a water layer surrounding the fibres, supporting the hypothesis that fibres can aid bacterial translocation through their use as ‘fibre highways’. A motile bacterial culture, Pseudomonas putida, was shown to translocate around a liquid layer surrounding polyester, nylon, and linen fibres, yet no evidence of translocation was apparent on silk or wool fibres, suggesting microbes elicit different responses to specific fibre types. Findings showed that translocation activity around highways did not diminish in the presence of crude oil, known to contain an abundance of toxic compounds, in comparison to oil-free controls. A design series demonstrated the growth of fungal mycelium (Pleurotus ostreatus) through knitted structures, highlighting the ability for natural fabrics to provide a scaffold to support microbial communities whilst retaining the ability to undergo environmentally responsive shape-change. A final prototype, Ebb&Flow, demonstrated the potential to scale up the responsive capacities of the material system using locally produced UK wool. The prototype conceptualised both the uptake of a hydrocarbon pollutant by fibres, and the translocation of microbes along fibre highways. Discussion: The research works towards facilitating the translation of fundamental science and design into biotechnological solutions that can be used in real world applications.
影响因子：
5.7
作者：
Sherry A;Andrade L;Velenturf A;Christgen B;Gray ND;Head IM
通讯作者：
Head IM