Trends in food consumption and nutrient intake in Germany between 2006 and 2012: results of the German National Nutrition Monitoring (NEMONIT)
Trends in food consumption and nutrient intake in Germany between 2006 and 2012: results of the German National Nutrition Monitoring (NEMONIT)
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DOI：
10.1017/s0007114516000544
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发表时间：
2016-04-28
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Hoffmann, Ingrid
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gose, Maria;Krems, Carolin;Hoffmann, Ingrid
德国国家营养监测(NEMONIT)是一项纵向的全国性研究，旨在评估德国食物消费和营养摄入量的变化。从具有全国代表性的德国第二次全国营养调查(NVS)(2005-2007年)中抽取了1840名参与者(基线年龄：14-80岁)作为样本。自2008年以来，与会者每年都接受电话采访。NVS II和NEMONIT的4年(2008-2012/2013)中的两次24小时召回分别评估了食品消费量。能量和营养素的摄入量使用德国营养素数据库3.02计算。饮食质量评价采用健康饮食指数-NVS(HEI-NVS)II，时间趋势用广义估计方程进行分析。男性和女性对水果/水果产品和果汁/花蜜的消费量有所下降，而水、软饮料和咖啡/茶的消费量在6年期间有所增加。此外，女性对糖果和动物脂肪的消费量也有所增加。Hei-NVS II在男女NVS II后均无变化。能量和蛋白质摄入量没有变化，但随着时间的推移，碳水化合物摄入量下降，而脂肪摄入量增加。在微量营养素方面，男女的硫胺素、核黄素和维生素B-6的摄入量都有所减少，但女性的镁、铁和烟酸的摄入量随着时间的推移而增加。总而言之，在这组德国人中，2005-2007年至2012/2013年间，食物消费量和营养素摄入量保持相对稳定。观察到了一些有利和不利的变化。与国家膳食指南相比，德国植物性食品的消费量仍然太低，而肉类/肉制品的消费量仍然太高。
The German National Nutrition Monitoring (NEMONIT) is a longitudinal and nationwide study to assess changes in food consumption and nutrient intake in Germany. A sample of 1840 participants (baseline age: 14-80 years) was drawn from the nationally representative German National Nutrition Survey (NVS) II (2005-2007). The participants have been interviewed by telephone annually since 2008. Food consumption was assessed by two 24-h recalls in the NVS II and the 4 years of NEMONIT (2008-2012/2013), respectively. Energy and nutrient intakes were calculated using the German Nutrient Database 3.02. Diet quality was evaluated using the Healthy Eating Index-NVS (HEI-NVS) II. Time trends were analysed by generalised estimating equation. Consumption of fruit/fruit products and fruit juice/nectar among men and women decreased, whereas consumption of water, soft drinks and coffee/tea increased over the 6-year period. Furthermore, increased consumption of confectionery and animal fats was observed among women. HEI-NVS II did not change since NVS II in both sexes. There were no changes in energy and protein intakes, but carbohydrate intake declined while fat intake increased over time. Regarding micronutrients, a decreasing intake of thiamin, riboflavin and vitamin B-6 was observed in both sexes, but intake of Mg, Fe and niacin increased among women over time. In conclusion, food consumption and nutrient intake remained relatively stable between 2005-2007 and 2012/2013 within this German cohort. A few favourable and unfavourable changes were observed. Compared with national dietary guidelines, consumption of food of plant origin remained too low and consumption of meat/meat products remained too high in Germany.