Effect of combined use of a low-carbohydrate, high-protein diet with omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation on glycemic control in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes: a randomized, double-blind, parallel-controlled trial
Effect of combined use of a low-carbohydrate, high-protein diet with omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation on glycemic control in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes: a randomized, double-blind, parallel-controlled trial
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低碳水化合物、高蛋白饮食与补充 omega-3 多不饱和脂肪酸联合使用对新诊断 2 型糖尿病血糖控制的影响：一项随机、双盲、平行对照试验
DOI：
10.1093/ajcn/nqy120
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发表时间：
2018-08-01
影响因子：
7.1
通讯作者：
Mi, Man-Tian
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Liu, Kai;Wang, Bin;Mi, Man-Tian
背景资料：低碳水化合物、高蛋白（LCHP）饮食和ω-3（n-3）多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）补充剂对2型糖尿病（T2 D）患者的联合作用尚不清楚。目的：本研究的目的是评估LCHP饮食联合ω-3（n-3）多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）补充剂对2型糖尿病（T2 D）患者的作用。（LCHP+omega-3）对T2 D患者血糖控制的影响。设计：在这项随机双盲平行对照试验中，122名新诊断的T2 D参与者被随机分配接受高碳水化合物，低蛋白饮食和低omega-3 PUFA [对照（CON）]，LCHP，omega-3或LCHP+omega-3饮食12周。LCHP和LCHP+omega-3饮食中碳水化合物与蛋白质的比例为42：28，CON和omega-3饮食中为54：17。受试者每天服用6 g鱼油（含有3.65 g二十二碳六烯酸、二十碳五烯酸和二十二碳五烯酸/d）或CON和LCHP饮食组中6 g玉米油/d（安慰剂）。与CON饮食组相比，在12 wk时，其他3个饮食组的糖化血红蛋白（HbA 1c）和空腹血糖下降幅度均较大。值得注意的是，在12周时，LCHP+omega-3饮食组的HbA 1c降低（-0.51%; 95% CI：-0.64%，-0.37%）大于LCHP（P = 0.03）和omega-3（P = 0.01）饮食组。在空腹血糖方面，只有LCHP+omega-3饮食组在4周时显示出显著降低（与CON相比P = 0.03）。此外，LCHP+omega-3饮食组的空腹血糖降低（-1.32 mmol/L; 95% CI：-1.72，-0.93 mmol/L）大于LCHP（P = 0.04）和omega-3（P = 0.03）。结论：与LCHP和omega-3饮食相比，LCHP+omega-3饮食对HbA 1c和空腹血糖的影响更大，对空腹血糖的影响更快，表明在T2 D控制中将LCHP饮食与ω-3 PUFA组合的潜在必要性。
Background: The combined effect of a low-carbohydrate, high-protein (LCHP) diet and omega-3(n-3) polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) supplementation on patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) is not known.Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of an LCHP diet combined with omega-3 (LCHP+omega-3) on glycemic control in patients with T2D.Design: In this randomized, double-blind, parallel-controlled trial, 122 newly diagnosed participants with T2D were randomly assigned to receive a high-carbohydrate, low-protein diet with low omega-3 PUFAs [control (CON)], an LCHP, omega-3, or LCHP+omega-3 diet for 12 wk. The ratio of carbohydrate to protein was 42:28 in the LCHP and LCHP+omega-3 diet and 54:17 in the CON and omega-3 diet. The participants were given 6 g fish oil/d (containing 3.65 g docosahexaenoic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, and docosapentaenoic acid/d) in the omega-3 and LCHP+omega-3 diet groups or 6 g corn oil/d (placebo) in the CON and LCHP diet groups.Results: Compared with the CON diet group, greater decreases in glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and fasting glucose were observed in all of the other 3 diet groups at 12 wk. Of note, HbA1c reduction in the LCHP+omega-3 diet group (-0.51%; 95% CI: -0.64%, -0.37%) was greater than that in the LCHP (P = 0.03) and omega-3 (P = 0.01) diet groups at 12 wk. In terms of fasting glucose, only the LCHP+omega-3 diet group showed a significant decrease at 4 wk (P = 0.03 compared with CON). Moreover, the reduction in fasting glucose in the LCHP+omega-3 diet group (-1.32 mmol/L; 95% CI: -1.72, -0.93 mmol/L) was greater than that in the LCHP (P = 0.04) and omega-3 (P = 0.03) diet groups at 12 wk.Conclusions: The LCHP+omega-3 diet provided greater effects on HbA1c and fasting glucose and faster effects on fasting glucose than both the LCHP and omega-3 diets, indicating the potential necessity of combining an LCHP diet with omega-3 PUFAs in T2D control.