Equitable community resilience: The case of Winter Storm Uri in Texas
Equitable community resilience: The case of Winter Storm Uri in Texas
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.ijdrr.2022.103070
复制
发表时间：
2022-06-04
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
Mohsenian-Rad, Hamed
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Nejat, Ali;Solitare, Laura;Mohsenian-Rad, Hamed
面对自然灾害，社区的复原力既涉及社区对灾害的敏感性，也涉及其复原的潜力。未能将公平纳入复原力考虑因素，导致不平等的恢复和对弱势群体的不成比例的影响，这一直是美国的一个关切。这项研究调查了德克萨斯州冬季风暴Uri导致400多万户家庭停电延长后与社区恢复力相关的公平问题。县级停电/恢复数据进行了分析，以探索潜在的显着的各种县属性之间的联系，并在恢复/恢复阶段的停电的份额。接下来，卫星图像被用于以更高的地理分辨率检查数据，重点是休斯顿市的人口普查区。其目标是使用计算机视觉来提取人口普查区域内的停电程度，并调查其与人口普查区域属性的联系。各种统计程序的结果显示，各县非西班牙裔白人的百分比和家庭收入中位数与停电率之间存在统计学显著的负相关。此外，在人口普查区层面，包括语言隔离人口和公共交通用户百分比在内的变量与计算机视觉分析检测到的受停电影响的人口普查区组呈现出正相关。根据这些结果，提出了工程解决方案，如电网现代化技术的适用性，以及分布式和可再生能源资源，当控制该地区的地形特征时，以提高公平的电网弹性，面对自然灾害。
Community resilience in the face of natural hazards involves both a community's sensitivity to disaster and its potential to bounce back. A failure to integrate equity into resilience considerations results in unequal recovery and disproportionate impacts on vulnerable populations, which has long been a concern in the United States. This research investigated aspects of equity related to community resilience in the aftermath of Winter Storm Uri in Texas which led to extended power outages for more than 4 million households. County-level outage/recovery data was analyzed to explore potential significant links between various county attributes and their share of the outages during the recovery/restoration phase. Next, satellite imagery was used to examine data at a much higher geographical resolution focusing on census tracts in the city of Houston. The goal was to use computer vision to extract the extent of outages within census tracts and investigate their linkages to census tracts attributes. Results from various statistical procedures revealed statistically significant negative associations between counties' percentage of nonHispanic whites and median household income with the ratio of outages. Additionally, at census tract level, variables including percentages of linguistically isolated population and public transport users exhibited positive associations with the group of census tracts that were affected by the outage as detected by computer vision analysis. Informed by these results, engineering solutions such as the applicability of grid modernization technologies, together with distributed and renewable energy resources, when controlled for the region's topographical characteristics, are proposed to enhance equitable power grid resiliency in the face of natural hazards.