Genetic diversity of farmed and wild populations of the reef-building coral, Acropora tenuis
Genetic diversity of farmed and wild populations of the reef-building coral, Acropora tenuis
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造礁珊瑚 Acropora tenuis 养殖和野生种群的遗传多样性
DOI：
10.1111/rec.12687
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发表时间：
2018
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Shinzato Chuya
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zayasu Yuna;Satoh Noriyuki;Shinzato Chuya
移植苗圃养殖的珊瑚是恢复退化珊瑚礁的主要管理手段。然而，由于用于准备移植的无性繁殖方法，人们一直担心苗圃遗传多样性的潜在损失。位于日本冲绳岛前原岛和翁纳的两个珊瑚苗圃为区域恢复活动提供了素材。本研究利用13个微卫星标记，比较了这些苗圃的132个细小顶孢子虫群体和来自南海群岛15个地点的298个野生小孢子虫群体的遗传多样性。即使在野外没有检测到克隆群体，我们估计养殖珊瑚的克隆丰富度分别为0.523(Maeganeku)和0.579(Onna)。苗圃种群的基因多样性较高，分别为0.894(Maeganeku)和0.937(Onna)，但低于自然种群(1.000)。然而，预期杂合度在不同地点之间没有显著差异，包括珊瑚托儿所(单因素方差分析，p>； 0.05)。苗圃种群的近交系数(ONA，−0.019至Maeganeku，0.097)落在野生种群的估测范围内(Sesoko，−0.058至Maeda，0.278)。此外，在结构分析的基础上，FARMEDIA.Tenuis由占据周围自然区域的相同遗传种群组成。因此，在苗圃内克隆群体没有额外的统计显著增加的情况下，使用人工培育的珊瑚组合来恢复珊瑚礁可能比移植和破坏野生组合更可取。养殖群体的珊瑚配子也可以用来生产珊瑚幼虫，用于有性繁殖的珊瑚移植。
Transplantation of nursery‐farmed corals is a primary management tool for restoration of degraded coral reefs. However, there have been concerns about the potential loss of genetic diversity in nurseries due to asexual propagation methods used to prepare transplants. Two coral nurseries at Maeganeku and Onna, Okinawa Island, Japan, furnish source material for regional restoration activities. Using 13 microsatellite markers, this study compared the genetic diversity of 132Acropora tenuiscolonies from these nurseries with that of 298 wild colonies from 15 sites across the Nansei Islands. Even though no clonal colonies were detected at wild sites, we estimated clonal richness of farmed corals to be 0.523 (Maeganeku) and 0.579 (Onna). Genotypic diversity is high in the nursery populations, 0.894 (Maeganeku) and 0.937 (Onna), but lower than in the natural populations (1.000). However, expected heterozygosity did not differ significantly between locations, including the coral nurseries (one‐way analysis of variance,p> 0.05). Inbreeding coefficients of nursery populations (Onna, −0.019 to Maeganeku, 0.097) fell within the range of estimates from wild populations (Sesoko, −0.058 to Maeda, 0.278). Furthermore, based on Structure analysis, farmedA. tenuiscomprises the same genetic population that occupies the surrounding natural area. Thus, given no additional statistically significant increase of clonal colonies within nurseries, using farmed coral assemblages for reef restoration may be preferable to transplanting and damaging wild assemblages. Coral gametes of farmed colonies may also be used to produce coral larvae for transplantation of sexually propagated corals.