THE DEVELOPMENT OF MARX'S CONCEPT OF ALIENATION: AN INTRODUCTION
THE DEVELOPMENT OF MARX'S CONCEPT OF ALIENATION: AN INTRODUCTION
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马克思异化概念的发展：引言
DOI：
10.17161/str.1808.6083
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发表时间：
1979
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Lanny Thompson
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Lanny Thompson
本文从发展的角度对马克思著作中的异化概念进行了介绍和总结。讨论了从他早期到晚期作品的五部独立作品。该论文认为，马克思的异化概念是对 1844 年首次提出的思想的不断澄清和扩展。他在经济学上的发展支持并限定了他更具哲学性质的主张。早期和后期的作品既不能被理解为完全连续，也不能被理解为完全不相容，因为后者是从早期作品中产生的。从迟来的《1844年经济与哲学手稿》（德文，1939年）出版开始，马克思的学生和支持者就马克思后来著作中对这部著作的正确解释产生了分歧。这场讨论的核心是关于异化在整个马克思思想中的重要性的争论。一些人认为，这一概念是年轻唯心主义者的哲学幻影，仍在被黑格尔说服，却被成熟的、科学的马克思所抛弃（Hook，1962；Althusscr，1970）。一些人对这一点提出了质疑，认为这一概念在马克思的著作中随处可见（Avineri，1968；McLellan，1970）。 Oilman (1971)，尤其是 Meszaros (1972) 已经消除了放弃论点，尽管它仍然以各种形式存在 (LeoGrande, 1977)。仍然缺乏的是对异化的处理，能够清楚地勾勒出马克思思想的发展。梅萨罗斯致力于表明疏离是每部主要作品中的一个概念，但倾向于以一种聚合的、有点静态的方式来看待它们。石油人也陷入了同样的倾向，他承认他的书是
The paper presents an introduction to and summary of the concept of alienation as found in the works of Karl Marx, from a developmental perspective. Five separate works, ranging from his early to later writings, are discussed. Tlie paper argues that Marx's concept of alienation is a continuous clarification and expansion of ideas first put forth in 1844. His development in economics supports and qualifies his assertions of a more philosophical nature. The early and later works should neither be understood as having complete continuity nor complete incompatibility, for the later grew out of the earlier. Beginning with the belated publication of the Economic and Philosophie id Manuscripts oj 1844 (in German, 1939), students and proponents of Marx have disagreed on the correct interpretation of this work in the context of his later writings. Central to this discussion is the debate over the importance of alienation in the whole.of Marx's thought. Some argue that this concept is a philosophical apparition of the young idealist still being persuaded by Hegel, only to be abandoned by the mature, scientific Marx (Hook, 1962; Althusscr, 1970). This point is contested by those holding that this concept is found throughout Marx's writings (Avineri, 1968; McLellan, 1970). Oilman (1971) and, especially, Meszaros (1972) have dispelled the abandonment thesis although it still exists in various forms (LeoGrande, 1977). What is still lacking is a treatment of alienation that clearly outlines a development of Marx's thought. Meszaros is intent on showing that alienation is a concept in each of the major works, but tends to sec them in an aggregate and somewhat static fashion. Oilman falls into the same tendency, admitting that his book is