Perils of police action: a cautionary tale from US data sets
Perils of police action: a cautionary tale from US data sets
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DOI：
10.1136/injuryprev-2016-042023
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发表时间：
2017-02-01
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Spicer, Rebecca S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Miller, Ted R.;Lawrence, Bruce A.;Spicer, Rebecca S.
目的统计和分析美国执法人员法律的干预造成的伤害，以及每10 000次逮捕或警察拦截的伤害率，从而将警察过度使用武力的讨论扩展到死亡之外。设计生态学。人口2012年生命统计死亡率普查中记录的美国法律的警察干预期间受伤的人，2012年医疗保健成本和利用项目全国住院和急诊部门样本，以及2015年两次报纸死亡人口普查。根据联邦调查局数据调整的2012年和2014年逮捕人数，针对非报告管辖区进行调整; 2011年警察公众接触调查（PPCS）中涉及车辆或乘客搜查而未逮捕的街道和交通站，以及从2005年汇总计算的按种族分列的百分比，2008年和2011年PPCS调查由于小案件计数。结果美国警察在2012年死亡或受伤的估计55 400人（95% CI 47 050至63 740，编码为警察参与的病例）。黑人、美洲原住民和西班牙裔每10000人的拦截/逮捕率高于白色非西班牙裔和亚洲人。平均而言，估计每291次拦截/逮捕中就有1次导致嫌疑人或旁观者受伤或死亡。每10 000次拦截/逮捕中因法律的警察干预而导致的入院和致命伤害的比率在种族/族裔群体之间没有显著差异。比率随年龄增长，男性高于women.Conclusions医疗保健行政数据集可以告知公众辩论伤害造成的法律的警察干预。黑人和年轻人在警察手中的人均死亡率过高反映了过度暴露。国际疾病分类法律的干预编码需要修订。
Objective To count and characterise injuries resulting from legal intervention by US law enforcement personnel and injury ratios per 10 000 arrests or police stops, thus expanding discussion of excessive force by police beyond fatalities.Design Ecological.Population Those injured during US legal police intervention as recorded in 2012 Vital Statistics mortality census, 2012 Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project nationwide inpatient and emergency department samples, and two 2015 newspaper censuses of deaths.Exposure 2012 and 2014 arrests from Federal Bureau of Investigation data adjusted for non-reporting jurisdictions; street stops and traffic stops that involved vehicle or occupant searches, without arrest, from the 2011 Police Public Contact Survey (PPCS), with the percentage breakdown by race computed from pooled 2005, 2008 and 2011 PPCS surveys due to small case counts.Results US police killed or injured an estimated 55 400 people in 2012 (95% CI 47 050 to 63 740 for cases coded as police involved). Blacks, Native Americans and Hispanics had higher stop/arrest rates per 10 000 population than white non-Hispanics and Asians. On average, an estimated 1 in 291 stops/arrests resulted in hospital-treated injury or death of a suspect or bystander. Ratios of admitted and fatal injury due to legal police intervention per 10 000 stops/arrests did not differ significantly between racial/ethnic groups. Ratios rose with age, and were higher for men than women.Conclusions Healthcare administrative data sets can inform public debate about injuries resulting from legal police intervention. Excess per capita death rates among blacks and youth at police hands are reflections of excess exposure. International Classification of Diseases legal intervention coding needs revision.