Executive function and fluid intelligence after frontal lobe lesions.

Executive function and fluid intelligence after frontal lobe lesions.
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DOI:
10.1093/brain/awp269
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发表时间:
2010-01
期刊:
Brain : a journal of neurology
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Duncan J
Duncan J
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Roca M;Parr A;Thompson R;Woolgar A;Torralva T;Antoun N;Manes F;Duncan J

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许多特定的“执行功能”测试显示额叶病变后出现缺陷。这些缺陷出现在流体智力下降的背景下,最好通过解决新问题的测试来衡量。对于一系列具体的执行测试,我们询问前额叶缺陷在多大程度上可以用一般的流体智力丧失来解释。对于一些广泛使用的测试,例如威斯康星卡片分类,我们发现流体智力完全解释了额叶缺陷。当病人和对照组在流体智力上匹配时,就不会再有额叶缺损了。对于这些任务,缺陷也与额叶内的病变位置无关。第二组任务,包括认知(如酒店、谚语)和社交(失礼)功能的测试,显示出不同的模式。缺陷不能完全用流体智力来解释,数据表明与右前额叶皮层的病变有关。通过将在大多数或所有任务中都很重要的流体智力下降与其他更具体的损伤及其相关损伤区域分开,可以澄清对额叶缺陷的理解。
Many tests of specific ‘executive functions’ show deficits after frontal lobe lesions. These deficits appear on a background of reduced fluid intelligence, best measured with tests of novel problem solving. For a range of specific executive tests, we ask how far frontal deficits can be explained by a general fluid intelligence loss. For some widely used tests, e.g. Wisconsin Card Sorting, we find that fluid intelligence entirely explains frontal deficits. When patients and controls are matched on fluid intelligence, no further frontal deficit remains. For these tasks too, deficits are unrelated to lesion location within the frontal lobe. A second group of tasks, including tests of both cognitive (e.g. Hotel, Proverbs) and social (Faux Pas) function, shows a different pattern. Deficits are not fully explained by fluid intelligence and the data suggest association with lesions in the right anterior frontal cortex. Understanding of frontal lobe deficits may be clarified by separating reduced fluid intelligence, important in most or all tasks, from other more specific impairments and their associated regions of damage.
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