Dietary Pb accumulation in juvenile freshwater rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)
Dietary Pb accumulation in juvenile freshwater rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)
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DOI：
10.1007/s00244-005-0212-7
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发表时间：
2006-11-01
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
Wood, C. M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Alves, L. C.;Glover, C. N.;Wood, C. M.
将添加硝酸铅（Pb）Pb（NO3）（2）（7、77和520 μ g Pb/g干重）的三种不同饲料和不含Pb的对照饲料（0.06 μ g Pb/g干重）饲喂幼淡水虹鳟鱼21天。占测得的食物消费量，计算出的剂量为0.02，3.7，39.6，和221.5微克/天，控制，低，中，高铅治疗，分别。随着时间的推移，铅积累的模式进行了测定，在各种组织（鳃，肝，肾，肠，尸体），红细胞（RBC），血浆，以及喂养，生长，血液学和离子调节参数。铅积累发生在剂量依赖性的方式在所有组织中，除了血浆，积累是最小的。总体而言，当喂最高的铅饮食，肠道表现出最大的铅负担（17.8微克铅/克组织湿重），高浓度也发现在肾脏（2.4微克铅/克组织湿重）和肝脏（1.9微克铅/克）在最高的饮食铅治疗的第21天。红细胞积累了大量的铅（1.5微克铅/克）相比，血浆（0.012微克铅/克）在高治疗组。随着饲料中铅浓度的增加，鱼体内铅的保留率下降。生长，生存，血浆蛋白和红细胞压积没有显着影响饮食铅。血浆Ca 2+水平在实验开始时下降，而Mg 2+水平下降，在中间的实验在中间和高饮食治疗。到第21天，Ca 2+和Mg 2+水平均稳定。鳃Ca ~（2+）和Na ~+内流率不受饮食铅的影响，除了在第8天，Na ~+内流率显着升高。这项研究的结果表明，铅积累内部的饮食时，目前的水平范围内报告的污染的底栖无脊椎动物的性质。我们进一步确定肠道作为一个潜在的目标网站的慢性毒性的铅通过饮食，和红细胞作为水库的饮食铅。
Three different diets amended with lead (Pb) nitrate Pb(NO3)(2) (7, 77, and 520 mu g Pb/g dry weight) and a Pb-free control diet (0.06 mu g Pb/g dry weight) were fed to juvenile freshwater rainbow trout for 21 days. Accounting for measured food consumption, the calculated doses per fish were 0.02, 3.7, 39.6, and 221.5 mu g/day, for the control, low, intermediate, and high Pb treatments, respectively. The patterns of Pb accumulation over time were determined in various tissues (gills, liver, kidney, intestine, carcass), red blood cells (RBC), and plasma, as well as feeding, growth, hematological, and ionoregulatory parameters. Pb accumulation occurred in a dose-dependent manner in all tissues except the plasma, where accumulation was minimal. Overall, when fed the highest Pb diet, the intestine exhibited the greatest Pb burden (17.8 mu g Pb/g tissue wet weight), with high concentrations also found in the kidney (2.4 mu g Pb/g tissue wet weight) and liver (1.9 mu g Pb/g) at the highest dietary Pb treatment by day 21. The RBCs accumulated a substantial amount of Pb (1.5 mu g Pb/g) when compared to the plasma (0.012 mu g Pb/g) in the high treatment group. The percentage of Pb retained in the fish decreased with increasing dietary Pb concentrations. Growth, survival, plasma protein, and hematocrit were not significantly affected by dietary Pb. Plasma Ca2+ levels decreased at the beginning of the experiment, whereas Mg2+ levels decreased during the middle of the experiment in both the intermediate and high dietary treatments. Both the Ca2+ and Mg2+ levels stabilized by day 21. Branchial Ca2+ and Na+ influx rates were not affected by dietary Pb, except on day 8 where Na+ influx rates were significantly elevated. The results of this study show that Pb does accumulate internally from the diet when present at levels within the range reported in contaminated benthic invertebrates in nature. We further identify the intestine as a potential target site of chronic toxicity of Pb via the diet, and RBCs as a reservoir of dietary Pb.