The bottlenose dolphin community of Doubtful Sound features a large proportion of long-lasting associations - Can geographic isolation explain this unique trait?
The bottlenose dolphin community of Doubtful Sound features a large proportion of long-lasting associations - Can geographic isolation explain this unique trait?
复制标题
DOI：
10.1007/s00265-003-0651-y
复制
发表时间：
2003-09-01
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
Dawson, SM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lusseau, D;Schneider, K;Dawson, SM
超过12项对不同的海豚种群的研究，从热带到冷温带沃茨，表明该物种通常生活在个体之间的关系主要是流动的社会中。在所有的情况下，海豚生活在小群体的特点是流体和动态的相互作用和一定程度的分散从纳塔尔组的两性。我们描述了一个小的，封闭的种群的海豚生活在南端的物种的范围。个人生活在大规模的男女混合群体中，在过去7年中没有观察到永久性的移民/移入。群落内的所有成员都是相对密切相关的（平均半重指数>0.4）。男性与男性之间和女性与女性之间都存在偏好的联系网络，跨性别的长期联系也是如此。社区结构是暂时稳定的，相比其他海豚种群，和不断的陪伴似乎是普遍的时间关联模式。如此高的稳定性在对海豚的研究中是前所未有的，可能与可疑声音的生态限制有关。峡湾是低生产力的系统，在那里生存可能很容易需要更高水平的合作，因此群体稳定。这些条件也存在于形成稳定群体的其他鲸目动物种群中。因此，我们假设，生态限制的重要因素，形成鲸类社会的社会互动。
More than 12 studies of different bottlenose dolphin populations, spanning from tropical to cold temperate waters, have shown that the species typically lives in societies in which relationships among individuals are predominantly fluid. In all cases dolphins lived in small groups characterised by fluid and dynamic interactions and some degree of dispersal from the natal group by both sexes. We describe a small, closed population of bottlenose dolphins living at the southern extreme of the species' range. Individuals live in large, mixed-sex groups in which no permanent emigration/immigration has been observed over the past 7 years. All members within the community are relatively closely associated (average half-weight index>0.4). Both male-male and female-female networks of preferred associates are present, as are long-lasting associations across sexes. The community structure is temporally stable, compared to other bottlenose dolphin populations, and constant companionship seems to be prevalent in the temporal association pattern. Such high degrees of stability are unprecedented in studies of bottlenose dolphins and may be related to the ecological constraints of Doubtful Sound. Fjords are low-productivity systems in which survival may easily require a greater level of co-operation, and hence group stability. These conditions are also present in other cetacean populations forming stable groups. We therefore hypothesise that ecological constraints are important factors shaping social interactions within cetacean societies.