High prevalence of risky income generation among street-involved youth in a Canadian setting
High prevalence of risky income generation among street-involved youth in a Canadian setting
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DOI：
10.1016/j.drugpo.2015.12.022
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发表时间：
2016-02-01
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
DeBeck, Kora
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Cheng, Tessa;Kerr, Thomas;DeBeck, Kora
背景资料：以往的研究发现，街头青年在主流就业方面存在一系列障碍;然而，人们对从事风险性创收活动的街头青年的特点以及药物使用在长期从事这些活动方面的潜在作用知之甚少。数据收集于2005年至2012年的风险青年研究（阿里斯），这是一项针对加拿大温哥华14-26岁街头青年的前瞻性队列研究。广义估计方程被用来确定与高风险的准合法和非法创收有关的因素。参与者还报告说，他们愿意放弃这些收入来源，如果他们不使用drugs.Results：在1008名参与者中，826（82%）报告说，在研究期间从事有风险的创收活动。与风险性创收相关的因素包括：无家可归、滥用毒品、注射毒品、快克使用、冰毒、过量、与警察的互动以及经历暴力;定期就业与这一结果呈负相关（所有p < 0.05）。在那些谁报告风险的收入产生，440（53%）愿意放弃这些收入来源，如果他们不使用drugs.Conclusion：风险的收入产生是令人震惊的普遍存在于我们的样本，并与较高强度的药物使用和其他标志的脆弱性。大多数参与者（53%）表示愿意放弃他们的风险收入来源，如果他们不使用毒品，但是，相当大比例的青年（47%）表示，他们将继续从事风险收入的产生，无论他们的物质使用表明，物质使用和经济不安全可能永久化风险收入的产生在我们的样本。调查结果强调了通过更好地获得和参与循证成瘾治疗来解决有问题的物质使用问题，以及探索，监测和评估创新干预措施以改善街头青年的整体经济安全，从而减少风险创收的机会。(C)2015 Elsevier B. V.版权所有。
Background: Previous research has found a range of barriers to mainstream employment among street involved youth; however, less is known about the characteristics of street-involved youth who engage in risky income generation and the potential role of substance use in perpetuating engagement in these activities.Methods: Data were collected between 2005 and 2012 from the At-Risk Youth Study (ARYS), which is a prospective cohort study of street-involved youth aged 14-26 in Vancouver, Canada. Generalized estimating equations were used to identify factors associated with risky quasi-legal and illegal income generation. Participants also reported their willingness to give up these sources of income if they were not using drugs.Results: Among 1008 participants, 826 (82%) reported engaging in risky income generation activities during the study period. Factors associated with risky income generation included: homelessness, binge drug use, injection drug use, crack use, crystal methamphetamine, overdose, interactions with police, and experiencing violence; regular employment was negatively associated with this outcome (all p < 0.05). Among those who reported risky income generation, 440 (53%) were willing to give up these income sources if they were not using drugs.Conclusion: Risky income generation was alarmingly prevalent in our sample, and associated with higher intensity drug use and other markers of vulnerability. The majority of participants (53%) reported willingness to give up their risky income sources if they were not using drugs; however, a substantial proportion of youth (47%) indicated that they would continue to engage in risk income generation regardless of their substance use suggesting that both substance use and economic insecurity likely perpetuate risky income generation among our sample. Findings highlight opportunities to reduce risky income generation by addressing problematic substance use through better access and engagement with evidence-based addiction treatment, and exploring, monitoring and evaluating innovative interventions to improve the overall economic security of street-involved youth. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.