Measuring the Development of Social Attention Using Free-Viewing
Measuring the Development of Social Attention Using Free-Viewing
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1532-7078.2011.00086.x
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发表时间：
2012-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Saxe, Rebecca
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Frank, Michael C.;Vul, Edward;Saxe, Rebecca
幼儿如何将注意力转移到自然界中的其他人身上？尽管许多研究都考察了对面孔和目标导向行为的感知，但相对较少的工作关注儿童在复杂且不受约束的观看环境中会看到什么。为了解决这个问题，我们向大量 3 至 30 个月大的婴儿和幼儿展示了物体、面孔、儿童玩玩具和复杂社交场景的视频。我们发现孩子们所看到的东西发生了系统性的发展变化。当单独观察面孔时，年龄较小的孩子更多地看眼睛，年龄较大的孩子更多地看嘴，尤其是当面孔做出表情或说话时。在更复杂的视频中，年龄较大的孩子比年龄较小的孩子更多地看手，尤其是当手在做动作时。我们的研究结果表明，随着孩子的成长，他们能够更好地将注意力转移到复杂场景中最有趣的社交部分。
How do young children direct their attention to other people in the natural world? Although many studies have examined the perception of faces and of goal-directed actions, relatively little work has focused on what children will look at in complex and unconstrained viewing environments. To address this question, we showed videos of objects, faces, children playing with toys, and complex social scenes to a large sample of infants and toddlers between 3 and 30 months old. We found systematic developmental changes in what children looked at. When viewing faces alone, younger children looked more at eyes and older children more at mouths, especially when the faces were making expressions or talking. In the more complex videos, older children looked more at hands than younger children, especially when the hands were performing actions. Our results suggest that as children develop they become better able to direct their attention to the parts of complex scenes that are most interesting socially.