PATHOGENESIS OF ZOSTERIFORM SPREAD OF HERPES-SIMPLEX VIRUS IN THE MOUSE
PATHOGENESIS OF ZOSTERIFORM SPREAD OF HERPES-SIMPLEX VIRUS IN THE MOUSE
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DOI：
10.1099/0022-1317-65-9-1477
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发表时间：
1984-01-01
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
HILL, TJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
BLYTH, WA;HARBOUR, DA;HILL, TJ
单纯疱疹病毒（HSV）感染的带状疱疹状传播发生在初次接种远交系和近交系小鼠的皮肤后。对于HSV 1型SC16株，如果在8周龄时接种，很少有近交种动物死亡，而如果在4周龄时接种，高达50%的动物死亡。然而，无论在哪个年龄，几乎所有动物都发生了带状虫状感染的传播，就像在4周龄的远交种动物接种无毒毒株KOS时一样。因此，控制带状虫形传播的机制必须与控制导致死亡的脑炎的机制不同。在表皮复制过程中，病毒进入轴突，并在接种皮肤2天后首先在感觉神经节中发现。此后，在远离接种部位的同一皮节内的神经根和皮肤中发现了它。当初次接种后4天内切断后一区域的感觉神经时，由于带状虫状传播而发生的病变要么被完全抑制，要么随着切片的后期，发病率下降。神经切断术对死亡率无影响。潜伏感染必须在远离接种部位的皮肤区域的神经元中建立，因为对于HSV-1菌株SC16，当最初接种在颈部皮肤时，剥离耳部皮肤可以诱导耳廓上的复发性病变。尽管这种病毒在感觉神经节中有效地建立了潜伏感染，但在感染HSV-1毒株KOS的动物中未发现这种复发性疾病。
Zosteriform spread of herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection occurs after primary inoculation of the skin of both outbred and inbred mice. With HSV type 1 strain SC16 few outbred animals died if they were inoculated when 8 weeks old whereas up to 50% of animals died if inoculated when 4 weeks old. However, at either age, zosteriform spread of infection occurred in almost all animals as it did when 4-week-old outbred animals were inoculated with the avirulent strain KOS. Thus, control of zosteriform spread must act by different mechanisms from those controlling the encephalitis which leads to death. During replication in the epidermis virus enters axons and could first be found in sensory ganglia 2 days after inoculation of the skin. Thereafter, it was found in the nerve roots and in skin within the same dermatome but remote from the site of inoculation. When sensory nerves to this latter area were cut during the 4 days after primary inoculation lesions developing as a result of zosteriform spread were either completely inhibited or, with later section, decreased in incidence. Mortality was not affected by such nerve section. Latent infection must be established in neurons serving areas of skin remote from the inoculation site since with HSV-1 strain SC16, recrudescent lesions on the pinna could be induced by stripping the skin of the ear when the original inoculation had been in the skin of the neck. Such recrudescent disease was not demonstrated in animals infected with HSV-1 strain KOS even though this virus efficiently established latent infection in sensory ganglia.