The Impact and Consequences of Partner Abuse on Partners
The Impact and Consequences of Partner Abuse on Partners
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DOI：
10.1891/1946-6560.3.4.406
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发表时间：
2012-10-01
期刊：
影响因子：
0.8
通讯作者：
Brock, Rebecca L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lawrence, Erika;Orengo-Aguayo, Rosaura;Brock, Rebecca L.
本研究对122篇实证文章和10篇关于伴侣遭受心理和身体虐待的心理和身体后果的综述文章进行了全面的回顾和批判，并得出了几个强有力的一致结论。与非受害者相比，心理和身体虐待的受害者经历更多的身体伤害，更差的身体功能和健康结果，更高的心理症状和障碍发生率，以及更差的认知功能。无论样本的性质如何，这些发现都是一致的，除了一些例外，女性受害者比男性受害者普遍更严重。此外，心理伤害似乎与受害者的心理后果至少与身体伤害同样密切相关。关于心理虐待对男性受害者的影响的研究相对缺乏，这些研究的结果也好坏参半。调查性别差异的研究得出了强有力和一致的证据，表明身体暴力对妇女的总体危害更大。然而，身体虐待的严重程度似乎缓和了受伤率的差异。除了这些已知的发现，从过去的评论，这项研究产生了一些新的发现。首先，有一小部分但至关重要的研究证明了虐待对健康行为的影响。第二，人身伤害对受害者和整个社会都有严重的经济和社会后果。第三，对于低收入、少数民族和/或失业的女性受害者，虐待的后果要严重得多。在本文的第二部分中，我们从研究内容以及概念和方法的角度对现有文献进行了批判。在第三部分，我们对未来的研究和干预工作提出了具体的建议。
This study represents a comprehensive review and critique of 122 empirical articles and 10 review articles on the psychological and physical consequences of psychological and physical abuse on partners and yielded several strong and consistent conclusions. Victims of psychological and physical abuse experience more physical injuries, poorer physical functioning and health outcomes, higher rates of psychological symptoms and disorders, and poorer cognitive functioning compared to nonvictims. These findings were consistent regardless of the nature of the sample and, with some exceptions, generally greater for female victims compared to male victims. Moreover, psychological victimization appears to be at least as strongly related to victims' psychological consequences as is physical victimization. There was a relative dearth of research examining the consequences of psychological abuse for male victims, and the results of those studies have been mixed. Research examining sex differences yields strong and consistent evidence that physical violence has more deleterious consequences for women overall. However, the severity of the physical abuse seems to moderate differences in injury rates. In addition to these known findings from past reviews, this study generated several novel findings. First, there is a small but critical group of studies demonstrating the effects of abuse on health behaviors. Second, physical victimization has serious economic and social consequences for victims and society at large. Third, the consequences of abuse were significantly worse for female victims who were of low income, ethnic minorities, and/or unemployed. In the second section of this article, we critique the existing literature in terms of the content of the research, as well as on conceptual and methodological grounds. In the third section we offer specific recommendations for future research and intervention efforts.