Disparities in Pediatric Oncology: The 21st Century Opportunity to Improve Outcomes for Children and Adolescents With Cancer.
Disparities in Pediatric Oncology: The 21st Century Opportunity to Improve Outcomes for Children and Adolescents With Cancer.
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DOI：
10.1200/edbk_320499
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发表时间：
2021-06
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成人癌症差异已经记录了几十年，尽管在癌症预防，检测和治疗方面取得了临床进展，但仍然持续存在。在过去的50年里，美国儿童癌症生存率显著提高，超过80%;然而，患有癌症的儿童和青少年的不同结果仍然影响着美国和全球的许多人群，包括种族和少数民族，社会经济地位低的人群以及服务不足地区的居民。为了使所有癌症儿童和青少年获得公平的结果，必须采取协调一致的多层次方法，以了解和解决健康差距，并确保获得高质量的癌症护理。解决健康的社会决定因素，如消除获得卫生保健的障碍和确保获得社会支持，可以减少儿科癌症的差距。尽管如此，公共卫生政策、卫生系统干预措施和创新性的循证服务交付仍是迫切需要的。患者、护理人员和卫生保健提供者之间以及卫生保健、学术和政府机构之间的伙伴关系在减少癌症差异和改善21世纪世纪的结果方面发挥着关键作用。
Adult cancer disparities have been documented for decades and continue to persist despite clinical advancements in cancer prevention, detection, and treatment. Pediatric cancer survival has improved significantly in the United States for the past 5 decades to over 80%; however, disparate outcomes among children and adolescents with cancer still affect many populations in the United States and globally, including racial and ethnic minorities, populations with low socioeconomic status, and residents of underserved areas. To achieve equitable outcomes for all children and adolescents with cancer, it is imperative that concerted multilevel approaches be carried out to understand and address health disparities and to ensure access to high-quality cancer care. Addressing social determinants of health, such as removing barriers to health care access and ensuring access to social supports, can reduce pediatric cancer disparities. Nevertheless, public health policy, health system interventions, and innovative delivery of evidence-based services are critically needed. Partnerships among patients, caregivers, and health care providers, and among health care, academic, and governmental institutions, have a pivotal role in reducing cancer disparities and improving outcomes in the 21st century.