ORAI1 deficiency impairs activated T cell death and enhances T cell survival.

ORAI1 deficiency impairs activated T cell death and enhances T cell survival.
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DOI:
10.4049/jimmunol.1100847
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发表时间:
2011-10-01
期刊:
Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Gwack Y
Gwack Y
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Kim KD;Srikanth S;Yee MK;Mock DC;Lawson GW;Gwack Y

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ORAI1 是 Ca2+ 释放激活 Ca2+ (CRAC) 通道的孔亚基,介导 T 细胞受体刺激诱导的 Ca2+ 进入。 ORAI1 (ORAI1R91W) 的点突变会导致人类患者出现严重的联合免疫缺陷,这在 Orai1−/− 小鼠中得到了重现,强调了其在免疫细胞中的重要作用。在这里,我们描述了 ORAI1 在 T 细胞死亡中的一个新功能。来自 Orai1−/− 小鼠的 CD4+ T 细胞在重复刺激下表现出强劲的增殖能力,并且由于线粒体 Ca2+ 摄取减少以及促凋亡和抗凋亡分子(例如 FasL、Noxa 和 Mcl-1)基因表达的改变而对刺激诱导的细胞死亡具有很强的抵抗力。在 ORAI1 缺陷的 T 细胞中,NFAT(活化 T 细胞的核因子)的核积累严重减少,ORAI1 和 NFAT 的组成型活性突变体的表达恢复了细胞死亡。这些结果表明 NFAT 介导的细胞死亡途径是 ORAI1 诱导 Ca2+ 进入的主要下游靶标之一。通过在野生型和 Orai1−/− T 细胞中表达 ORAI1 的各种突变体以产生不同水平的细胞内 Ca2+,我们发现激活诱导的细胞死亡与 [Ca2+]i 水平成正比。与体外结果一致,Orai1−/− 小鼠对注射抗 CD3 抗体诱导的 T 细胞耗竭表现出强烈的抵抗力。此外,ORAI1缺陷的T细胞在过继转移至免疫受损宿主后表现出更高的存活率。因此,我们的结果证明了 ORAI1-NFAT 通路在 T 细胞死亡中的关键作用,并强调了 ORAI1 作为活化 T 细胞死亡过程中 Ca2+ 进入的主要途径的重要作用。
ORAI1 is a pore subunit of Ca2+ release-activated Ca2+ (CRAC) channels that mediate T cell receptor stimulation-induced Ca2+ entry. A point mutation in ORAI1 (ORAI1R91W) causes severe combined immunodeficiency in human patients that is recapitulated in Orai1−/− mice, emphasizing its important role in the immune cells. Here, we have characterized a novel function of ORAI1 in T cell death. CD4+ T cells from Orai1−/− mice showed robust proliferation with repetitive stimulations and strong resistance to stimulation-induced cell death due to reduced mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake and altered gene expression of proapoptotic and antiapoptotic molecules (e.g. FasL, Noxa and Mcl-1). Nuclear accumulation of NFAT (nuclear factor of activated T cells) was severely reduced in ORAI1-deficient T cells and expression of ORAI1 and a constitutively active mutant of NFAT recovered cell death. These results indicate NFAT-mediated cell death pathway as one of the major downstream targets of ORAI1-induced Ca2+ entry. By expressing various mutants of ORAI1 in wild-type and Orai1−/− T cells to generate different levels of intracellular Ca2+, we have shown that activation-induced cell death is directly proportional to the [Ca2+]i levels. Consistent with the in vitro results, Orai1−/− mice showed strong resistance to T cell depletion induced by injection of anti-CD3 antibody. Furthermore, ORAI1-deficient T cells showed enhanced survival after adoptive transfer into immunocompromised hosts. Thus, our results demonstrate a crucial role of ORAI1-NFAT pathway in T cell death and highlight the important role of ORAI1 as a major route of Ca2+ entry during activated T cell death.
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