ORAI1 deficiency impairs activated T cell death and enhances T cell survival.
ORAI1 deficiency impairs activated T cell death and enhances T cell survival.
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DOI:
10.4049/jimmunol.1100847
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发表时间:
2011-10-01
期刊:
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Gwack Y
中科院分区:
文献类型:
--
作者:
Kim KD;Srikanth S;Yee MK;Mock DC;Lawson GW;Gwack Y
ORAI1 is a pore subunit of Ca2+ release-activated Ca2+ (CRAC) channels that mediate T cell receptor stimulation-induced Ca2+ entry. A point mutation in ORAI1 (ORAI1R91W) causes severe combined immunodeficiency in human patients that is recapitulated in Orai1−/− mice, emphasizing its important role in the immune cells. Here, we have characterized a novel function of ORAI1 in T cell death. CD4+ T cells from Orai1−/− mice showed robust proliferation with repetitive stimulations and strong resistance to stimulation-induced cell death due to reduced mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake and altered gene expression of proapoptotic and antiapoptotic molecules (e.g. FasL, Noxa and Mcl-1). Nuclear accumulation of NFAT (nuclear factor of activated T cells) was severely reduced in ORAI1-deficient T cells and expression of ORAI1 and a constitutively active mutant of NFAT recovered cell death. These results indicate NFAT-mediated cell death pathway as one of the major downstream targets of ORAI1-induced Ca2+ entry. By expressing various mutants of ORAI1 in wild-type and Orai1−/− T cells to generate different levels of intracellular Ca2+, we have shown that activation-induced cell death is directly proportional to the [Ca2+]i levels. Consistent with the in vitro results, Orai1−/− mice showed strong resistance to T cell depletion induced by injection of anti-CD3 antibody. Furthermore, ORAI1-deficient T cells showed enhanced survival after adoptive transfer into immunocompromised hosts. Thus, our results demonstrate a crucial role of ORAI1-NFAT pathway in T cell death and highlight the important role of ORAI1 as a major route of Ca2+ entry during activated T cell death.
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