Nuclear Structure
Nuclear Structure
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作者：
E. Jones
在《自然》杂志最近的一篇文章中，巴特利特指出，轻元素的原子核可以用一个模型来表示，这个模型是由适当数量的中子和质子围绕一个α粒子以独立的群排列而成的。这似乎是非常重要的，质子和中子的数量，从而指定的p和d壳层是相同的，所要求的泡利不相容原理的电子。这立刻表明量子化的自旋和轨道动量也与原子核中的中子和质子有关。从另一个角度来看，海森堡2发现有必要给中子指定一个自旋，即1/2 h 2 π。
IN a recent note in NATURE,1Bartlett has shown that the nuclei of the light elements may be represented by a model built up of appropriate numbers of neutrons and protons arranged in independent groups about an α-particle. It seems very significant that the numbers of protons and neutrons thus assigned to thep- andd-shells are the same as those required by the Pauli Exclusion Principle for electrons. This at once suggests that quantised spins and orbital momenta are also associated with the neutrons and protons in the nucleus. From quite another point of view, Heisenberg2has found it necessary to assign a spin,½h2π , to the neutron.