Cerebral ischemic damage in diabetes: an inflammatory perspective.
Cerebral ischemic damage in diabetes: an inflammatory perspective.
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糖尿病中的脑缺血性损害：炎症的观点。
DOI：
10.1186/s12974-016-0774-5
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发表时间：
2017-01-23
影响因子：
9.3
通讯作者：
Dave KR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Shukla V;Shakya AK;Perez-Pinzon MA;Dave KR
中风是世界范围内死亡的主要原因之一。以细胞因子、趋化因子、粘附分子和蛋白水解酶的激活和释放为特征的强烈炎症反应有助于中风后的脑损伤。糖尿病患者的中风结局更糟，导致死亡率和残疾率增加。糖尿病涉及慢性炎症，其表现为活性氧物质的产生、促炎细胞因子的表达和其他炎症介质的活化/表达。糖尿病引起的促炎过程增加似乎在脑缺血后进一步加速，导致缺血性损伤增加。低血糖症是糖尿病患者降糖治疗的内在副作用，已知会诱导促炎性变化，并加剧实验性卒中的脑损伤。在这里，我们提出了一个可用的文献综述神经炎症的贡献增加脑缺血性损伤的糖尿病患者。我们还描述了低血糖在糖尿病患者神经炎症和脑缺血损伤中的作用。了解神经炎症机制在糖尿病患者卒中结局恶化中的作用可能有助于限制缺血性脑损伤并改善临床结局。
Stroke is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. A strong inflammatory response characterized by activation and release of cytokines, chemokines, adhesion molecules, and proteolytic enzymes contributes to brain damage following stroke. Stroke outcomes are worse among diabetics, resulting in increased mortality and disabilities. Diabetes involves chronic inflammation manifested by reactive oxygen species generation, expression of proinflammatory cytokines, and activation/expression of other inflammatory mediators. It appears that increased proinflammatory processes due to diabetes are further accelerated after cerebral ischemia, leading to increased ischemic damage. Hypoglycemia is an intrinsic side effect owing to glucose-lowering therapy in diabetics, and is known to induce proinflammatory changes as well as exacerbate cerebral damage in experimental stroke. Here, we present a review of available literature on the contribution of neuroinflammation to increased cerebral ischemic damage in diabetics. We also describe the role of hypoglycemia in neuroinflammation and cerebral ischemic damage in diabetics. Understanding the role of neuroinflammatory mechanisms in worsening stroke outcome in diabetics may help limit ischemic brain injury and improve clinical outcomes.