Genetic differentiation of the wheat leaf rust fungus Puccinia triticina in Europe
Genetic differentiation of the wheat leaf rust fungus Puccinia triticina in Europe
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1365-3059.2012.02626.x
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发表时间：
2013-02-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Morgounov, A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kolmer, J. A.;Hanzalova, A.;Morgounov, A.
本研究的目的是确定是否遗传分化组的小麦柄锈菌是目前在欧洲。总共，从西欧、中欧和土耳其收集的133个P.triticina菌株在20个具有单叶锈病抗性基因的小麦品系上进行了毒力测试，并使用23个简单序列重复（SSR）标记进行了分子基因型测试。在去除各国内具有相同毒力和SSR基因型的分离物后，保留121个分离物用于进一步分析。利用贝叶斯方法和遗传距离法，根据SSR基因型对分离株进行分组。这两种方法最佳地将分离物置于八个欧洲（EU）组的P.triticina SSR基因型中。其中7个类群具有普通六倍体小麦分离物的毒力特征，1个类群具有四倍体硬粒小麦分离物的毒力特征。SSR基因型与菌株毒力表型之间存在显著相关性。所有欧盟组观察到的杂合性值大于预期和显着的固定值，这表明夏孢子在整个人口的克隆繁殖。在整个人群和国家内部，SSR基因型的连锁不平衡程度很高。当分离株按国家分组时，ESTA和FST的总体值较低，这表明分离株在欧洲范围内迁移。与其他大陆种群相比，欧洲种群的P.triticina具有更高的遗传分化水平。
The objective of this study was to determine whether genetically differentiated groups of Puccinia triticina are present in Europe. In total, 133 isolates of P. triticina collected from western Europe, central Europe and Turkey were tested for virulence on 20 lines of wheat with single leaf rust resistance genes, and for molecular genotypes with 23 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. After removal of isolates with identical virulence and SSR genotype within countries, 121 isolates were retained for further analysis. Isolates were grouped based on SSR genotypes using a Bayesian approach and a genetic distance method. Both methods optimally placed the isolates into eight European (EU) groups of P. triticina SSR genotypes. Seven of the groups had virulence characteristics of isolates collected from common hexaploid wheat, and one of the groups had virulence characteristics of isolates from tetraploid durum wheat. There was a significant correlation between the SSR genotypes and virulence phenotypes of the isolates. All EU groups had observed values of heterozygosity greater than expected and significant fixation values, which indicated the clonal reproduction of urediniospores in the overall population. Linkage disequilibria for SSR genotypes were high across the entire population and within countries. The overall values of RST and FST were lower when isolates were grouped by country, which indicated the migration of isolates within Europe. The European population of P. triticina had higher levels of genetic differentiation compared to other continental populations.