Leading the Party: Coordination, Direction, and Communication
Leading the Party: Coordination, Direction, and Communication
复制标题
领导党：协调、指导、沟通
DOI：
10.1017/s0003055407070451
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发表时间：
2006
影响因子：
6.8
通讯作者：
David P. Myatt
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Torun Dewan;David P. Myatt
党内积极分子面临着一个协调问题：如果党要取得成功，一个关键的群众--协调的障碍--必须倡导一个单一的政策选择。对方向的需要是替代方案的优点对党的环境的潜在基本面的反应程度。一个人评估基本面的能力就是他的方向感。这三个因素协调的障碍，方向的需要，以及个人的方向感，结合起来，形成了一个指标的可取性和可行性的领导。我们提供了对米歇尔斯铁律的见解：当且仅当领导指数足够高时，主权政党会议让位于个人或寡头领导。领导力增强了党内沟通的清晰度，但削弱了政策选择对党的环境的反应。我们的模型也可以适用于协调问题所面临的工具选民在多元统治的选举，因此涉及到的心理效应的Duverger的法律。
Party activists face a coordination problem: a critical mass—a barrier to coordination—must advocate a single policy alternative if the party is to succeed. The need for direction is the degree to which the merits of the alternatives respond to the underlying fundamentals of the party's environment. An individual's ability to assess the fundamentals is his sense of direction. These three factors—the barriers to coordination, the need for direction, and an individual's sense of direction—combine to form an index of both the desirability and the feasibility of leadership. We offer insights into Michels' Iron Law: a sovereign party conference gives way to leadership by an individual or oligarchy if and only if the leadership index is sufficiently high. Leadership enhances the clarity of intraparty communication, but weakens the response of policy choices to the party's environment. Our model can also be applied to the coordination problems faced by instrumental voters in plurality-rule elections, and so relates to the psychological effect of Duverger's Law.