Three-year change in the wellbeing of orphaned and separated children in institutional and family-based care settings in five low- and middle-income countries.
Three-year change in the wellbeing of orphaned and separated children in institutional and family-based care settings in five low- and middle-income countries.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0104872
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发表时间：
2014
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Positive Outcomes for Orphans (POFO) Research Team
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Whetten K;Ostermann J;Pence BW;Whetten RA;Messer LC;Ariely S;O'Donnell K;Wasonga AI;Vann V;Itemba D;Eticha M;Madan I;Thielman NM;Positive Outcomes for Orphans (POFO) Research Team
With more than 2 million children living in group homes, or “institutions”, worldwide, the extent to which institution-based caregiving negatively affects development and wellbeing is a central question for international policymakers. A two-stage random sampling methodology identified community representative samples of 1,357 institution-dwelling orphaned and separated children (OSC) and 1,480 family-dwelling OSC aged 6–12 from 5 low and middle income countries. Data were collected from children and their primary caregivers. Survey-analytic techniques and linear mixed effects models describe child wellbeing collected at baseline and at 36 months, including physical and emotional health, growth, cognitive development and memory, and the variation in outcomes between children, care settings, and study sites. At 36-month follow-up, institution-dwelling OSC had statistically significantly higher height-for-age Z-scores and better caregiver-reported physical health; family-dwelling OSC had fewer caregiver-reported emotional difficulties. There were no statistically significant differences between the two groups on other measures. At both baseline and follow-up, the magnitude of the differences between the institution- and family-dwelling groups was small. Relatively little variation in outcomes was attributable to differences between sites (11–27% of total variation) or care settings within sites (8–14%), with most variation attributable to differences between children within settings (60–75%). The percent of variation in outcomes attributable to the care setting type, institution- versus family-based care, ranged from 0–4% at baseline, 0–3% at 36-month follow-up, and 0–4% for changes between baseline and 36 months. These findings contradict the hypothesis that group home placement universally adversely affects child wellbeing. Without substantial improvements in and support for family settings, the removal of institutions, broadly defined, would not significantly improve child wellbeing and could worsen outcomes of children who are moved from a setting where they are doing relatively well to a more deprived setting.
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影响因子：
4.4
作者：
O'Donnell, Karen;Murphy, Robert;Whetten, Kathryn
通讯作者：
Whetten, Kathryn
影响因子：
4.5
作者：
Messer LC;Pence BW;Whetten K;Whetten R;Thielman N;O'Donnell K;Ostermann J
通讯作者：
Ostermann J
影响因子：
3
作者：
Embleton, Lonnie;Ayuku, David;Braitstein, Paula
通讯作者：
Braitstein, Paula
DOI：
10.1080/09540120903012601
发表时间：
2010-01-01
影响因子：
1.7
作者：
Morantz, Gillian;Heymann, Jody
通讯作者：
Heymann, Jody
影响因子：
3.2
作者：
Hong, Yan;Li, Xiaoming;Stanton, Bonita
通讯作者：
Stanton, Bonita