If You Could Read My Mind
If You Could Read My Mind
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如果你能读懂我的心思
DOI：
10.1080/01947640802080330
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发表时间：
2008
影响因子：
0.4
通讯作者：
J. New
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
J. New
神经科学的现代进步使研究人员能够以一种以前无法想象的方式将大脑中心的活动与行为和精神状态联系起来。能够对神经活动进行成像和电生理记录的新兴技术使人们有可能“观察”个体的大脑，并确定神经细胞回路的活动，这是个体当前行为和精神状态的基础。功能性磁共振成像（fMRI）等技术已经显示出巨大的前景，既可以作为评估中枢神经系统损伤或疾病的诊断工具，也可以作为测量和评估行为（包括欺骗）与其潜在神经活动之间相关性的调查工具。这种神经学方法也引起了律师的兴趣。对测量大脑活动的科学方法的法律的应用的探索可以追溯到两个多世纪以前。颅相学和测谎仪（测谎仪）曾经被认为是评估民事和刑事审判中被告和证人的精神状态和真实性的工具。然而，尽管颅相学是第一次系统地尝试将大脑结构和行为联系起来，但到了世纪早期，它却普遍受到质疑。关于测谎仪的科学合法性的争论一直持续到今天，但测谎仪的证据
Modern advances in the neurosciences have allowed investigators to correlate the activity of brain centers with behavioral and mental states in a manner previously unimaginable. Emergent technologies capable of imaging neural activity and electrophysiological recording are making it possible to “look into” the brain of an individual and determine the activity of nerve cell circuitry that is the basis of the individual’s current behavior and mental state. Techniques such as functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) have shown great promise, both as diagnostic tools for the evaluation of injury or disease in the central nervous system and investigative tools by which the correlation of behaviors, including deception, and their underlying neural activity can be measured and evaluated. Such neurological methodologies have also excited the interest of attorneys. The search for legal applications of scientific methods for measuring brain activity extends back over more than two centuries. Both phrenology and polygraphy (lie detectors) were once thought to hold great promise as tools for the evaluation of the mental state and veracity of defendants and witnesses in civil and criminal trials. However, although it was the first systematic attempt to link brain structure and behavior, phrenology was generally discredited by the early twentieth century. The argument over the scientific legitimacy of polygraphs continues to the present day, but polygraph evidence