Wisely chosen paths - regulation of rRNA synthesis
Wisely chosen paths - regulation of rRNA synthesis
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1742-4658.2010.07892.x
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发表时间：
2010-11-01
期刊：
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Grummt, Ingrid
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Grummt, Ingrid
从原核生物到脊椎动物，所有细胞都能合成大量的rRNA，每个细胞周期产生1-2百万个核糖体，这是维持子细胞蛋白质合成能力所必需的。近年来，在阐明转录调控的基本原理和使细胞rRNA合成适应代谢活性的途径方面取得了相当大的进展，这一过程对于理解核仁活性、细胞生长、增殖和凋亡之间的联系至关重要。我将调查我们目前对通过RNA聚合酶I调节转录、协调rRNA基因转录和核糖体产生与环境线索的高度协调网络的了解。此外，我将讨论控制染色质结构和rRNA基因的转录活性的表观遗传机制，特别是非编码RNA在DNA甲基化和转录沉默中的作用。
All cells, from prokaryotes to vertebrates, synthesize enormous amounts of rRNA to produce 1-2 million ribosomes per cell cycle, which are required to maintain the protein synthesis capacity of the daughter cells. In recent years, considerable progress has been made in the elucidation of the basic principles of transcriptional regulation and the pathways that adapt cellular rRNA synthesis to metabolic activity, a process that is essential for understanding the link between nucleolar activity, cell growth, proliferation, and apoptosis. I will survey our present knowledge of the highly coordinated networks that regulate transcription by RNA polymerase I, coordinating rRNA gene transcription and ribosome production with environmental cues. Moreover, I will discuss the epigenetic mechanisms that control the chromatin structure and transcriptional activity of rRNA genes, in particular the role of noncoding RNA in DNA methylation and transcriptional silencing.