A real-time PCR based assay as an alternative to a seedling assay to evaluate potential risk of Meloidogyne incognita
A real-time PCR based assay as an alternative to a seedling assay to evaluate potential risk of Meloidogyne incognita
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基于实时 PCR 的检测作为幼苗检测的替代方法，用于评估南方根结线虫的潜在风险
DOI：
10.3725/jjn.45.85
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发表时间：
2015
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
K. Toyota
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Yuki Koyama;C. Mihara;Y. Kobara;N. Momma;K. Toyota
在日本的蔬菜生产中经常进行连作，这种种植依赖于用合成化学品对土壤进行消毒，以控制土壤传播的病原体、线虫和杂草。然而，过度使用合成化学品引起了越来越多的环境担忧。因此，不依赖于合成化学品的替代技术，如物理或生物土壤消毒，越来越受到人们的关注。其中，使用低浓度乙醇的厌氧介导的生物土壤消毒（ABSD） （Momma et al., 2013）由于对环境影响较小，劳动力成本较低，并且其有效性一直到地下土层（Uematsu et al., 2007）而越来越受欢迎。无论采用何种方法，土壤消毒对目标害虫的效果是重要的。稀释板法或Baermann法已被用于评估土壤消毒对细菌（Ridge, 1976）、真菌（Warcup, 1976）或线虫（Okada et al., 2004）的效果。然而，这些方法也有一些缺点，例如，稀释板法只能计数可培养的细菌和真菌。最近的一项研究报告称，Baermann方法的线虫计数变化很大，因此这种方法不适合用于密度调查（Den Nijs和Van Den Berg， 2013）。事实上，Baermann方法经常被用于评估土壤消毒效果，但结果并不总是与田间作物的实际损害相匹配，也就是说，有时在没有线虫的情况下可以看到田间的损害（Sato et al., 2011）。因此，需要一种更可靠的诊断方法。Ushio等人（2010）报道了一种使用黄瓜幼苗的生物检测方法，以预测由真菌Phomopsis sp引起的西瓜根腐病。在他们的方法中，将测试土壤放在盆栽中，采用基于实时PCR的检测方法作为幼苗检测的替代方法，以评估隐性Meloidogyne潜在风险
Continuous cropping is frequently conducted in vegetable production in Japan and such cropping has relied on soil disinfection with synthetic chemicals to manage soil borne pathogens, nematodes and weeds. However, there are growing environmental concerns over the excessive use of synthetic chemicals. Therefore, alternative techniques not relying on synthetic chemicals, such as physical or biological soil disinfection, are attracting more and more attention. Among them, anaerobicity-mediated biological soil disinfection (ABSD) (Momma et al., 2013) using a low concentration of ethanol is becoming popular due to less of an environmental impact, lower labor cost and its effectiveness up to the subsurface soil layer (Uematsu et al., 2007). Whatever method is used, efficacy of soil disinfection on the target pests is important. The dilution plate method or the Baermann method have been used to evaluate the eff icacy of soil disinfection on bacteria (Ridge, 1976) and fungi (Warcup, 1976) or nematodes (Okada et al., 2004). There are, however, some disadvantages in these methods, e.g. the dilution plate method counts only culturable bacteria and fungi. A recent study reported that nematode counts with the Baermann method are quite variable and thus this method is not advisable for density-survey purposes (Den Nijs and Van den Berg, 2013). Indeed, the Baermann method has been often used to evaluate the efficacy of soil disinfection, but the results do not always match with the actual damage to crops in fields, that is, damage is sometimes seen in fields judged with no nematodes (Sato et al., 2011). Thus, a more reliable diagnostic method is needed. Ushio et al. (2010) reported a biological assay method using cucumber seedlings to predict the root rot of watermelon caused by a fungus Phomopsis sp. In their method, test soil is put in pots, A real-time PCR based assay as an alternative to a seedling assay to evaluate potential risk of Meloidogyne incognita
影响因子：
2
作者：
K. Toyota;Tomoaki Shirakashi;E. Sato;S. Wada;Y. Min
通讯作者：
K. Toyota;Tomoaki Shirakashi;E. Sato;S. Wada;Y. Min