Let's Move It Together: A Review of Group Benefits in Joint Object Control.
Let's Move It Together: A Review of Group Benefits in Joint Object Control.
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DOI：
10.3389/fpsyg.2018.00918
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发表时间：
2018
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
König P
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wahn B;Karlinsky A;Schmitz L;König P
在日常生活中，人类经常会进行有针对性的联合行动，无论是一起搬桌子还是共同拉绳子。当两个或多个个体一起控制对象时，他们可以通过执行互补动作来分配控制，例如，当两个人在桌子的两端。或者，若干个人可以通过执行相同动作以冗余方式执行控制，例如，在同一方向上共同拉动绳索时。先前的研究已经调查了在控制是分布式的或冗余的任务中，二人组是否能胜过个体。本审查的目的是综合这两种类型的共同控制的结果，以确定共同的原则和解释不同的结果。总之，我们发现，当控制是分布式的，个人往往优于二人组或达到类似的性能水平。相反，对于冗余控制，二对组合的表现优于个体。我们认为，这些差异可以解释的可能性，自由划分控制：有选择权行使控制冗余允许合作者协调个人贡献符合个人能力，使他们能够最大限度地提高集团的可用技能的好处。相反，如果从一开始就确定了控制权的分配，就没有采用和调整定制协调战略的自由。
In daily life, humans frequently engage in object-directed joint actions, be it carrying a table together or jointly pulling a rope. When two or more individuals control an object together, they may distribute control by performing complementary actions, e.g., when two people hold a table at opposite ends. Alternatively, several individuals may execute control in a redundant manner by performing the same actions, e.g., when jointly pulling a rope in the same direction. Previous research has investigated whether dyads can outperform individuals in tasks where control is either distributed or redundant. The aim of the present review is to integrate findings for these two types of joint control to determine common principles and explain differing results. In sum, we find that when control is distributed, individuals tend to outperform dyads or attain similar performance levels. For redundant control, conversely, dyads have been shown to outperform individuals. We suggest that these differences can be explained by the possibility to freely divide control: Having the option to exercise control redundantly allows co-actors to coordinate individual contributions in line with individual capabilities, enabling them to maximize the benefit of the available skills in the group. In contrast, this freedom to adopt and adapt customized coordination strategies is not available when the distribution of control is determined from the outset.
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