SOCIAL DESIRABILITY BIAS IN DIETARY SELF-REPORT MAY COMPROMISE THE VALIDITY OF DIETARY-INTAKE MEASURES
SOCIAL DESIRABILITY BIAS IN DIETARY SELF-REPORT MAY COMPROMISE THE VALIDITY OF DIETARY-INTAKE MEASURES
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DOI：
10.1093/ije/24.2.389
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发表时间：
1995-04-01
影响因子：
7.7
通讯作者：
OCKENE, JK
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
HEBERT, JR;CLEMOW, L;OCKENE, JK
背景资料。饮食摄入量的自我报告可能会受到社会期望或社会认可的影响，从而影响流行病学研究中的风险估计。这些结构产生响应集偏差，当在以容易识别的正确或期望的响应为特征的领域进行测试时，这种偏差是明显的。鉴于饮食的社会和心理价值，流行病学研究中最常用的评估方法特别容易受到这些偏见的影响。通过比较随机分配的七天的多次24小时饮食召回(24HR)和两次7天饮食召回(7DDR)(在某些方面类似于常用的食物频率问卷)得出的营养评分，测试社会合意性和社会认可度偏差，一次在测试期开始(Pre)，一次在测试期结束(Post)。统计分析包括相关分析和多元线性回归分析。从横断面来看，社会认可分数和营养变量之间不存在关系。社会可取性得分与大多数营养变量呈负相关。在线性回归分析中，社会可取性得分在7DDR相对于24HR的营养估计中产生了较大的向下偏差。对于总能量，这一偏差在社会合意程度上约为50千卡/分，或在其四分位数范围内约为450千卡。女性的偏差大约是男性的两倍，在后测量中只有大约一半。24HR衍生脂肪和总能量摄入量得分最高的个体由于社会期望而具有最大的向下偏差。我们观察到，与社会期望得分相关的食物摄入量报告存在很大的向下偏差。这些结果与该假说所依据的理论结构是一致的。社会期望偏差的作用是从它对效果的流行病学估计的影响的角度来讨论的。对今后旨在改进膳食评估方法和调整这种偏差的风险估计的工作提出了建议。
Background. Self-report of dietary intake could be biased by social desirability or social approval thus affecting risk estimates in epidemiological studies. These constructs produce response set biases, which are evident when testing in domains characterized by easily recognizable correct or desirable responses. Given the,social and psychological value ascribed to diet, assessment methodologies used most commonly in epidemiological studies are particularly vulnerable to these biases.Methods. Social desirability and social approval biases were tested by comparing nutrient scores derived from multiple 24-hour diet recalls (24HR) on seven randomly assigned days with those from two 7-day diet recalls (7DDR) (similar in some respects to commonly used food frequency questionnaires), one administered at the beginning of the test period (pre) and one at the end (post). Statistical analysis included correlation and multiple linear regression.Results. Cross-sectionally, no relationships between social approval score and the nutritional variables existed. Social desirability score was negatively correlated with most nutritional variables. In linear regression analysis, social desirability score produced a large downward bias in nutrient estimation in the 7DDR relative to the 24HR. For total energy, this bias equalled about 50 kcal/point on the social desirability scale or about 450 kcal over its interquartile range. The bias was approximately twice as large for women as for men and only about half as large in the post measures. individuals having the highest 24HR-derived fat and total energy intake scores had the largest downward bias due to social desirability.Conclusions. We observed a large downward bias in reporting food intake related to social desirability score. These results are consistent with the theoretical constructs on which the hypothesis is based. The effect of social desirability bias is discussed in terms of its influence on epidemiological estimates of effect. Suggestions are made for future work aimed at improving dietary assessment methodologies and adjusting risk estimates for this bias.