Strengthening health system to improve immunization for migrants in China.
Strengthening health system to improve immunization for migrants in China.
复制标题
加强卫生系统以改善中国流动人口的免疫接种
DOI：
10.1186/s12939-016-0504-8
复制
发表时间：
2017-07-01
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
Meng Q
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fang H;Yang L;Zhang H;Li C;Wen L;Sun L;Hanson K;Meng Q
免疫接种是预防和控制疫苗可预防疾病的最具成本效益的方法。中国流动人口快速增长，但免疫接种状况较差。中国尝试了各种策略来加强卫生系统，显着改善了流动人口的免疫接种情况。本研究采用定性回顾性评价方法，旨在收集、分析和综合中国加强卫生系统、改善流动人口免疫接种的经验和做法。使用变革理论的概念框架来提取检索到的文献。仔细研究了11篇文献和4项国家有关流动儿童免疫接种的法律和政策。中国主要采取三项卫生体系强化策略，显着提高流动人口的免疫水平：停止收取免疫费和免疫保险、管理好免疫证明、重视流动儿童等特殊儿童的免疫接种。这些卫生系统强化策略非常有效，检索文献显示，流动儿童的最新适龄免疫接种率显着提高。经济发展导致中国流动人口增加，但流动人口特别是流动儿童的免疫接种情况较差。幸运的是，中国采用了各种加强卫生系统的策略来改善流动人口的免疫接种，并且取得了相当成功。中国流动人口免疫接种的经验和教训或许对其他流动人口较多的发展中国家有借鉴意义。
Immunization is the most cost-effective method to prevent and control vaccine-preventable diseases. Migrant population in China has been rising rapidly, and their immunization status is poor. China has tried various strategies to strengthen its health system, which has significantly improved immunization for migrants. This study applied a qualitative retrospective review method aiming to collect, analyze and synthesize health system strengthening experiences and practices about improving immunizations for migrants in China. A conceptual framework of Theory of Change was used to extract the searched literatures. 11 searched literatures and 4 national laws and policies related to immunizations for migrant children were carefully studied. China mainly employed 3 health system strengthening strategies to significantly improve immunization for migrant population: stop charging immunization fees or immunization insurance, manage immunization certificates well, and pay extra attentions on immunization for special children including migrant children. These health system strengthening strategies were very effective, and searched literatures show that up-to-date and age-appropriate immunization rates were significantly improved for migrant children. Economic development led to higher migrant population in China, but immunization for migrants, particularly migrant children, were poor. Fortunately various health system strengthening strategies were employed to improve immunization for migrants in China and they were rather successful. The experiences and lessons of immunization for migrant population in China might be helpful for other developing countries with a large number of migrant population.