Experimental Investigation of Day-to-Day Route-Choice Behaviour and Network Simulations of Autobahn Traffic in North Rhine-Westphalia
Experimental Investigation of Day-to-Day Route-Choice Behaviour and Network Simulations of Autobahn Traffic in North Rhine-Westphalia
复制标题
北莱茵-威斯特法伦州高速公路交通日常路线选择行为的实验研究和网络模拟
DOI：
10.1007/978-3-662-07809-9_1
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发表时间：
2004
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
R. Selten
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Sebastian Kube;M. Schreckenberg;R. Selten
在这篇文章中，试图缩小网络范围内的交通模拟和预测结果之间的差距，一方面和司机的行为作为对他的日常经验的反应。第一部分报告了实验室实验，涉及200次重复的两条路线之间的互动选择。在一个条件下，旅行时间的反馈只提供给所选择的一轮，在第二个为两轮。平均值接近博弈论均衡，但大幅波动持续到最后。如果两条路都有反馈，波动会更小，收益会更大。受试者改变道路的次数和收益之间存在负相关。观察到两种类型的行为。一个直接反应者被吸引到前一段时间不那么拥挤的道路上，而反向投资者则表现出相反的模式。第二部分介绍了车辆交通的元胞自动机模型的发展所取得的进展。最新的模型能够再现自由流，自发堵塞的形成，同步交通，以及亚稳态。在这里，这个模型来模拟交通在北莱茵-威斯特伐利亚州的高速公路网络的实施进行了描述，并讨论了这样一个巨大的和拓扑复杂的网络的一些挑战。
In this article an attempt is made to close the gap between network wide traffic simulations and resulting forecasts on the one hand and the driver’s behavior as a reaction on his daily experience on the other hand. The first part reports on laboratory experiments involving 200 times repeated interactive choices between two routes. In one condition feedback on travel time was supplied for the chosen round only and in a second one for both rounds. Mean values are near to game theoretic equilibrium but substantial fluctuations persist up to the end. Fluctuations are smaller and payoffs are greater it feedback is given for both roads. There is a negative correlation between a subject’s number of road changes and payoffs. Two types of behavior are observed. A direct responder is attracted to the road which was less crowded in the previous period whereas a contrarian shows the opposite pattern. The second part deals with a description of the progress achieved in the development of cellular automata models of vehicular traffic. The most recent models are able to reproduce free flow, spontaneous jam formation, synchronized traffic, as well as metastability. Here the implementation of this model to simulate the traffic on the autobahn network in North Rhine-Westphalia is described and some of the challenges of such a huge and topologically complex network are discussed.