Genomic Analyses of Bifidobacterium moukalabense Reveal Adaptations to Frugivore/Folivore Feeding Behavior
Genomic Analyses of Bifidobacterium moukalabense Reveal Adaptations to Frugivore/Folivore Feeding Behavior
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DOI：
10.3390/microorganisms7040099
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发表时间：
2019-04-01
期刊：
影响因子：
4.5
通讯作者：
Ushida, Kazunari
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Segawa, Takahiro;Fukuchi, Satoshi;Ushida, Kazunari
尽管双歧杆菌在促进人类健康的肠道细菌中发挥着重要作用，但人们对它们在野生动物，特别是非人类灵长类动物中的功能知之甚少。由于在自然条件下研究目标动物的可及性有限，很难在野生动物体内确定双歧杆菌的功能。然而，从野生动物粪便中获得的双歧杆菌的基因组特征可以深入了解它们在肠道中的功能。在此，我们分析了12个B的全基因组。从加蓬Moukalaba-Doudou国家公园的野生西部低地大猩猩（Gorilla gorilla gorilla）的七个粪便样品、野生中部黑猩猩（Pan troglodytes troglodytes）的三个样品和野生森林象（Loxodonta cyclotis）的两个样品中分离的moukalabense菌株。此外，我们分析了粪便细菌群落的6个野生西部低地大猩猩的Meta 16 S rRNA基因分析与下一代测序。虽然双歧杆菌属的丰度在总读数中低至0.2%，但B. moukalabense对食果/食叶动物的食物消化和营养有一定的贡献。特别是，全基因组分析表明B参与。moukalabense在降解半纤维素生产短链脂肪酸和利用核酸作为氮源方面的优势。与人相关双歧杆菌属相比，碳水化合物运输和代谢的基因在这些野生物种中并不保守。特别是在所有12种B菌株中发现的糖苷酶。moukalabense，在人类相关物种中检测到或未检测到。
Despite the essential role of Bifidobacterium in health-promoting gut bacteria in humans, little is known about their functions in wild animals, especially non-human primates. It is difficult to determine in vivo the function of Bifidobacterium in wild animals due to the limited accessibility of studying target animals in natural conditions. However, the genomic characteristics of Bifidobacterium obtained from the feces of wild animals can provide insight into their functionality in the gut. Here, we analyzed the whole genomes of 12 B. moukalabense strains isolated from seven feces samples of wild western lowland gorillas (Gorilla gorilla gorilla), three samples of wild central chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes troglodytes) and two samples of wild forest elephants (Loxodonta cyclotis) in Moukalaba-Doudou National Park, Gabon. In addition, we analyzed the fecal bacterial communities of six wild western lowland gorillas by meta 16S rRNA gene analyses with next generation sequencing. Although the abundance of the genus Bifidobacterium was as low as 0.2% in the total reads, a whole genome analysis of B. moukalabense suggested its contribution digestion of food and nutrition of frugivore/folivore animals. Specifically, the whole genome analysis indicated the involvement of B. moukalabense in hemicellulose degradation for short chain fatty acid production and nucleic acid utilization as nitrogen resources. In comparison with human-associated Bifidobacterium spp., genes for carbohydrate transport and metabolism are not conserved in these wild species. In particular the glycosidases, which are found in all 12 strains of B. moukalabense, were variably detected, or not detected, in human-associated species.