Neighborhood Economic Deprivation and Social Fragmentation: Associations With Children's Sleep
Neighborhood Economic Deprivation and Social Fragmentation: Associations With Children's Sleep
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DOI：
10.1080/15402002.2016.1253011
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发表时间：
2018-01-01
影响因子：
3.1
通讯作者：
El-Sheikh, Mona
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bagley, Erika J.;Fuller-Rowell, Thomas E.;El-Sheikh, Mona
背景和目标：越来越多的研究表明，邻里不利的经历使儿童面临睡眠质量不佳的风险。本研究旨在探讨社区经济剥夺（贫困衡量标准）和社会分裂（不稳定指数）与儿童睡眠时间和质量的客观衡量指标之间的关系。参与者：参与者为 210 名儿童（54.3% 为男孩），主要居住在阿拉巴马州的小镇和半农村社区。儿童平均年龄为 11.3 岁 (SD = .63)； 66.7% 的儿童是欧洲裔美国人，33.3% 是非洲裔美国人。样本具有社会经济多样性，67.9% 的参与者生活在贫困线或以下，32.1% 来自中下阶层或中产阶级家庭。方法：邻里特征指标源自 2012 年美国社区调查，并将其综合起来创建代表邻里经济剥夺和社会分裂的两个变量。使用体动记录仪检查儿童睡眠时间、实际睡眠时间和效率。结果：邻里经济剥夺程度越高，睡眠时间越少，睡眠效率越差。更多的邻里社会分裂也与较差的睡眠效率有关。对人口特征、儿童健康和家庭社会经济状况进行控制分析。结论：研究结果表明，生活在经济和社会弱势社区预示着儿童睡眠时间较短和质量较低的风险。除了家庭和个人特征之外，对社区背景的检查可能有助于更全面地了解影响儿童睡眠的因素。
Background & Objective: A growing body of work indicates that experiences of neighborhood disadvantage place children at risk for poor sleep. This study aimed to examine how both neighborhood economic deprivation (a measure of poverty) and social fragmentation (an index of instability) are associated with objective measures of the length and quality of children's sleep. Participants: Participants were 210 children (54.3% boys) living predominantly in small towns and semirural communities in Alabama. On average children were 11.3 years old (SD = .63); 66.7% of the children were European American and 33.3% were African American. The sample was socioeconomically diverse with 67.9% of the participants living at or below the poverty line and 32.1% from lower-middle-class or middle-class families. Methods: Indicators of neighborhood characteristics were derived from the 2012 American Community Survey and composited to create two variables representing neighborhood economic deprivation and social fragmentation. Child sleep period, actual sleep minutes, and efficiency were examined using actigraphy. Results: Higher levels of neighborhood economic deprivation were associated with fewer sleep minutes and poorer sleep efficiency. More neighborhood social fragmentation was also linked with poorer sleep efficiency. Analyses controlled for demographic characteristics, child health, and family socioeconomic status. Conclusions: Findings indicate that living in economically and socially disadvantaged neighborhoods predicts risk for shorter and lower-quality sleep in children. Examination of community context in addition to family and individual characteristics may provide a more comprehensive understanding of the factors shaping child sleep.