PREDATION RISK AND THE COST OF BEING FAT
PREDATION RISK AND THE COST OF BEING FAT
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DOI：
10.1038/377621a0
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发表时间：
1995-10-19
期刊：
影响因子：
64.8
通讯作者：
PERRINS, C
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
GOSLER, AG;GREENWOOD, JJD;PERRINS, C
小型鸟类在冬季增加脂肪储备，以防止食物供应减少或不可预测（1）：脂肪每天从喂养中积累并在夜间使用（2）。实地观察表明，鸟类的储备通常比预期的要小（2），这意味着肥胖是有代价的（3）。一个这样的成本可能是增加脂肪负荷降低机动性，从而增加捕食的风险（3，4），在这里，我们通过描述体重的变化来证明脂肪储备和捕食风险之间的联系（大致相当于脂肪储备），发生在英国种群的大山雀，山雀自1950年以来，一个时期，其主要捕食者，雀鹰Accipiter nisus的体重发生了显著的变化，而且，这些变化是由于个体山雀调整了它们的体重，而不是鹰对更重的大山雀的选择。
SMALL birds increase their fat reserves in winter as insurance against reduced or unpredictable food supplies(1): fat is accumulated daily from feeding and utilized overnight(2). Field observations indicate that birds often maintain smaller reserves than expected(2), which implies that there is a cost of being fat(3). One such cost could be that an increased fat load reduces manoeuvrability, thus increasing the risk of predation(3,4), Here we demonstrate a link between fat reserves and predation risk by describing changes in body mass (roughly equivalent to fat reserves) that have occurred in British populations of the great tit, Parus major since 1950, a period when the numbers of its principal predator, the sparrowhawk Accipiter nisus, changed markedly, Furthermore, these changes resulted from individual tits adjusting their mass, rather than from the selection of heavier great tits by hawks.