Alcohol consumption and cancers of the oral cavity and pharynx from 1988 to 2009: an update.
Alcohol consumption and cancers of the oral cavity and pharynx from 1988 to 2009: an update.
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DOI：
10.1097/cej.0b013e32833d936d
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发表时间：
2010-11
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Zhang ZF
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Goldstein BY;Chang SC;Hashibe M;La Vecchia C;Zhang ZF
1988年，IARC关于酒精与癌症的第44号专论中认为，饮酒对口腔癌和咽癌风险的人类致癌作用证据充分。我们基于1988年至2009年发表的队列和病例对照研究，评估了与口腔癌和咽癌风险相关的人类致癌证据。来自不同设计和在不同人群中进行的流行病学研究的大量证据始终支持饮酒与口腔癌和咽癌风险增加密切相关。当调整吸烟和其他潜在混杂因素时，超过60克/天（或超过4杯/天）的相对风险为3.2-9.2。在大多数研究中报告了酒精使用强度的强烈剂量反应关系。然而，没有观察到明显的相关性的酒精使用的持续时间。与目前的饮酒者相比，风险降低与戒酒约10-15年有关。在20多项研究中，在非吸烟者中也观察到了类似的联系。一般来说，每个人群中的主要酒精消费类型与风险增加最大相关。大量关于酒精和烟草消费联合暴露的研究表明，其协同效应超过了倍增效应。
The evidence for the human carcinogenic effects of alcohol drinking on the risk of cancers of the oral cavity and pharynx has been considered sufficient in the IARC Monograph 44 on alcohol and cancer in 1988. We evaluated human carcinogenic evidence related to oral and pharyngeal cancer risk based on cohort and case-control studies published from 1988 to 2009. A large body of evidence from epidemiological studies of different designs and conducted in different populations has consistently supported that alcohol consumption is strongly associated with an increase in risk of oral and pharyngeal cancer. The relative risks are 3.2–9.2 for more than 60 grams/day (or more than 4 drinks/day) when adjusted for tobacco smoking and other potential confounders. A strong dose-response relationship on intensity of alcohol use is reported in most of the studies. However, no apparent association is observed for the duration of alcohol use. Compared with current drinkers, a decreased risk is associated with alcohol cessation for about 10–15 years. Similar associations have been observed among non-smokers in over 20 studies. Generally, the dominant type of alcohol consumption in each population is associated with the greatest increases in risk. A large number of studies on joint exposure of alcohol and tobacco consumption demonstrate a more than multiplicative synergistic effect.