The Effect of Industrial Structure Upgrading and Human Capital Structure Upgrading on Green Development Efficiency—Based on China’s Resource-Based Cities
The Effect of Industrial Structure Upgrading and Human Capital Structure Upgrading on Green Development Efficiency—Based on China’s Resource-Based Cities
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DOI：
10.3390/su15054673
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发表时间：
2023-03
期刊：
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
W. Shen;Y. Liu;Xiaowen Liu;Jianing Shi;Wenbin Liu;Chengye Liu
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
W. Shen;Y. Liu;Xiaowen Liu;Jianing Shi;Wenbin Liu;Chengye Liu
绿色发展对全球自然资源保护、环境改善和可持续发展至关重要。此外，资源型城市的绿色发展与其他类型城市相比更具挑战性。在此基础上，有必要了解此类城市的绿色发展水平。因此，我们引入了绿色发展效率（GDE），这是衡量绿色发展的关键指标。本文以2010-2019年中国112个资源型城市为研究对象，运用Super-SBM-Undesirably模型对资源型城市的GDE进行了研究。此外，产业结构升级和人力资本结构升级对绿色发展具有重要意义。为了进一步探讨ISU和HCSU对GDE的影响，本文采用了固定效应模型、交互效应模型和阈值模型。最后，考虑到不同资源型城市之间的差异，探讨了中国四类资源型城市的ISU和HSCU在GDE上的异质性。研究发现：（1）尽管GDE处于稳步提升的轨道上，但2010-2019年的总体GDE仍然相对较低，平均GDE约为0.8;（2）ISU、HCSU及其交互作用对资源型城市的GDE有促进作用，且随着产业结构强度的增加，资源型城市ISU和HSCU对GDE的交互作用由正向负转变;（3）四类资源型城市ISU和HSCU的直接作用和交互作用存在异质性（即，成熟城市、成长城市、衰退城市和再生城市）。研究结果为我国资源型城市的绿色可持续发展提供了数据参考，也为其他国家的资源型城市提供了方法参考。
Green development is crucial to global natural resource conservation, environmental improvement and sustainable development. Furthermore, resource-based cities’ green development is more challenging compared with that of other types of cities. On such basis, it is a necessity to understand the green development level of such cities. Therefore, we introduce green development efficiency (GDE), which is a key indicator for measuring green development. This paper takes China’s 112 resource-based cities during 2010–2019 as its research object, and examines their GDE using the Super-SBM-Undesirable model. Moreover, industrial structure upgrading (ISU) and human capital structure upgrading (HCSU) have important implications for green development. To further explore the influence of ISU and HCSU on GDE, this paper employs a fixed effect model, an interaction effect model and a threshold model. Finally, considering the differences between different resource-based cities, the heterogeneity of ISU and HSCU on GDE in four types of China’s resource-based cities is also explored. It is found that (1) although GDE is on the track of steady improvement, the overall GDE was still relatively low during 2010–2019, with an average GDE of about 0.8; (2) ISU, HCSU and their interaction can promote GDE in resource-based cities and with the intensity of industrial structure increasing, the interaction effect of ISU and HSCU on GDE in resource-based cities shifts from positive to negative; (3) there exists heterogeneity in the direct effect and interaction effect of ISU and HCSU among four types of resource-based cities (i.e., mature cities, growing cities, declining cities and regenerating cities). Our findings offer a data reference for the green and sustainable development of China’s resource-based cities, and also a method reference for other countries’ resource-based cities.