YIELD AND NUTRIENT STATUS OF GREENHOUSE TOMATO (LYCOPERSICON ESCULENTUM MILL.) GROWN IN NEW AND RE-USED ROCKWOOL, POLYURETHANE, NFT AND AEROPONICS
YIELD AND NUTRIENT STATUS OF GREENHOUSE TOMATO (LYCOPERSICON ESCULENTUM MILL.) GROWN IN NEW AND RE-USED ROCKWOOL, POLYURETHANE, NFT AND AEROPONICS
复制标题
DOI：
10.5601/jelem.2019.24.3.1894
复制
发表时间：
2020-01-01
影响因子：
0.8
通讯作者：
Mieloch, Monika
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Komosa, Andrzej;Markiewicz, Bartosz;Mieloch, Monika
有必要在园艺实践中引入新的植物栽培方法，使我们能够获得最佳产量，同时减少水和肥料消耗并避免环境污染。四种温室番茄栽培方法。比较了Tomimaru Muchoo F-1在营养液循环系统中的栽培效果，即在新的和重复使用的1年或2年生岩棉和聚氨酯泡沫板上栽培，NFT和雾培。雾培栽培的商品果产量和总产量最高。它们比新的岩棉板高29.8 - 30.8%。NFT（比新岩棉板高28.2%）和重复使用的1年生（高26.7 - 29.4%）或2年生聚氨酯泡沫板（高23.5 - 25.4%）对番茄产量产生了积极影响。番茄生长在重复使用的1岁的岩棉板被证明是一个可行的解决方案。商品产量和总产量分别比新岩棉上种植的番茄高10.0 - 7.5%。可销售的温室番茄总产量和再使用的1或2岁的聚氨酯泡沫板显着高于新的聚氨酯板。商品粮增产14.7 - 15.9%，总产增产14.2 - 19.7%。温室番茄产量在重复使用的1年或2年的聚氨酯泡沫板显着高于新的和重复使用的岩棉板。1 ~ 2年生聚氨酯泡沫板的N-NO3、Ca、Na含量显著高于对照，说明营养液的EC值较高。有一个显着的降低P含量在重复使用的1或2岁的聚氨酯板。一个显着增加的钙含量在重新使用的岩棉板被确定旁边的倾向更高的钠。S-SO 4和EC在此基板。磷、锌、铜在雾培番茄植株叶片中的含量显著低于在岩棉、聚氨酯和NFT上生长的番茄植株，而镁的含量高于在岩棉、聚氨酯和NFT上生长的番茄植株。一个显着较低的K和Fe含量测定在雾培法中生长的番茄叶片比岩棉和聚氨酯基板。
There is a need to introduce to horticultural practice new methods of plant cultivation which will allow us to obtain optimal yields while reducing water and fertilizer consumption and avoiding environmental pollution. Four methods of growing greenhouse tomato cv. Tomimaru Muchoo F-1 in a system with nutrient solution recirculation were compared, i.e. cultivation in new and re-used 1- or 2-year-old rockwool and polyurethane foam slabs, NFT and aeroponic culture. The highest marketable and total fruit yields were in the aeroponic culture. They were by 29.8 - 30.8% higher than in new rockwool slabs. Positive effects on tomato yield were obtained in the NFT (28.2% higher than in new rockwool slabs) and re-used 1-year-old (26.7 - 29.4% higher) or 2-year-old polyurethane foam slabs (23.5 - 25.4% higher). Tomato growing in re-used 1-year old rockwool slabs was demonstrated as a feasible solution. The marketable and total yields were by 10.0 - 7.5% higher (respectively) than from tomatoes grown in new rockwool. The marketable and total greenhouse tomato yields obtained in re-used 1- or 2-year-old polyurethane foam slabs were significant higher than in new polyurethane slabs. The increase was 14.7 - 15.9% for marketable and 14.2 - 19.7% for total yield. Greenhouse tomato yield in re-used 1- or 2-year-old polyurethane foam slabs was significantly higher than in new and re-used rockwool slabs. in re-used 1- or 2-year-old polyurethane foam slabs, the N-NO3, Ca, and Na content was significantly higher, which meant a higher EC, of the nutrient solution. There was a significant decrease in the P content in re-used 1- or 2-year-old polyurethane slabs. A significant increase in the Ca content in re-used rockwool slabs was determined alongside a tendency towards higher Na. S-SO4 and EC in this substrate. The content of P. Zn and Cu in leaves of tomato plants grown in aeroponic culture was significantly lower, but Mg was higher than in leaves of tomatoes grown in rockwool, polyurethane and the NFT. A significantly lower content of K and Fe was determined in leaves of tomatoes grown in aeroponics than in rockwool and polyurethane substrates.