Speech-in-Speech Listening on the LiSN-S Test by Older Adults With Good Audiograms Depends on Cognition and Hearing Acuity at High Frequencies
Speech-in-Speech Listening on the LiSN-S Test by Older Adults With Good Audiograms Depends on Cognition and Hearing Acuity at High Frequencies
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DOI：
10.1097/aud.0000000000000096
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发表时间：
2015-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Pichora-Fuller, M. Kathleen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Besser, Jana;Festen, Joost M.;Pichora-Fuller, M. Kathleen
目的：主要目的是调查听力正常的成年人在大多数言语范围内的空间化噪声句子（LiSN-S）测试中听力的年龄相关差异。第二个目标是检查的贡献，听觉，认知和语言能力的LiSN-S outcome.Design：的LiSN-S测试管理的参与者在老年组（M-年龄= 72.0，SD = 4.3年）和年轻组（M-年龄= 21.7，SD = 2.6年），每组N = 26。所有参与者在频率高达3000 Hz（包括3000 Hz）时的临床听力阈值均正常。LiSN-S测试在四个语音中语音收听条件中的每一个中产生语音接收阈值（SRT），所述四个语音中语音收听条件在语音差异线索和/或空间分离线索的可用性方面不同。基于这四个SRT，计算作为两种类型的线索的结果的说话者优势、空间优势和总优势的分数。此外，参与者还完成了四项听觉时间处理测试，一项认知筛选测试，一项词汇测试，以及高语境和低语境句子的语言闭合测试。这些预测变量的贡献和措施的纯音听力LiSN-S的结果进行了分析，两组使用回归analysis.Results：年轻的听众优于所有四个LiSN-S SRT和所有三个LiSN-S的优势措施的老听众。在涉及使用空间线索的条件下，与空间相关的差异更大。对于年轻组，所有的LiSN-S SRT预测的措施，在低语境句子的语言封闭性;此外，SRT的语音差异线索，但没有空间分离线索的条件下预测的词汇，和SRT的语音差异线索和空间分离线索的条件下预测的时间分辨率在低频。词汇量也有助于年轻组的说话者优势，而空间优势是由6，000至10，000 Hz范围内的高频纯音听力敏锐度预测的（纯音平均[ PTA]高）。对于老年组，LiSN-S SRT的条件下，既没有声音差异线索，也没有空间分离线索的预测年龄，他们的其他三个LiSN-S SRT和所有的优势措施预测PTA高。此外，对于老年组，认知在四种条件中的三种条件下预测了LiSN-S SRT结果。听觉时间处理的措施，语言能力，或听力敏锐度高达4000 Hz，并包括没有预测LiSN-S outcomes in this group.Conclusions：LiSN-S的结果是较差的成年人年龄在65岁或以上，即使是那些有良好的听力图，与年轻人相比，也与人相比，年龄在60岁以前的研究。在本研究中，无论类型的线索，听觉和认知的相互作用反映了高频听力灵敏度和语言和认知处理的措施的综合影响LiSN-S的结果。数据还表明处理资源的部署存在层次结构，这可以解释观察到的从年轻群体的语言能力到老年群体的一般认知能力的转变。
Objectives: The main objective was to investigate age-related differences on the listening in spatialized noise-sentences (LiSN-S) test in adults with normal audiometric thresholds in most of the speech range. A second objective was to examine the contributions of auditory, cognitive, and linguistic abilities to LiSN-S outcomes.Design: The LiSN-S test was administered to participants in an older group (M-Age = 72.0, SD = 4.3 years) and a younger group (M-Age = 21.7, SD = 2.6 years) with N = 26 per group. All the participants had clinically normal audiometric thresholds at frequencies up to and including 3000 Hz. The LiSN-S test yields a speech reception threshold (SRT) in each of the four speech-in-speech listening conditions that differ in the availability of voice difference cues and/or spatial separation cues. Based on these four SRTs, the scores were calculated for the talker advantage, the spatial advantage, and the total advantage as a result of both the types of cues. Additionally, the participants completed four auditory temporal-processing tests, a cognitive screening test, a vocabulary test, and tests of linguistic closure for high-and low-context sentences. The contributions of these predictor variables and measures of pure-tone hearing acuity to LiSN-S outcomes were analyzed for both the groups using regression analyses.Results: Younger listeners outperformed the older listeners on all four LiSN-S SRTs and all the three LiSN-S advantage measures. Age-related differences were larger for conditions involving the use of spatial cues. For the younger group, all LiSN-S SRTs were predicted by the measure of linguistic closure in low-context sentences; in addition, the SRT for the condition with voice difference cues but without spatial separation cues was predicted by vocabulary, and the SRT for the condition with both voice difference cues and spatial separation cues was predicted by temporal resolution at low frequencies. Vocabulary also contributed to the talker advantage in the younger group, whereas the spatial advantage was predicted by high-frequency pure-tone hearing acuity in the range 6,000 to 10,000 Hz (pure-tone average [ PTA] HIGH). For the older group, the LiSN-S SRT in the condition with neither voice difference cues nor spatial separation cues was predicted by age; their other three LiSN-S SRTs and all advantage measures were predicted by PTA HIGH. In addition, for the older group, cognition predicted LiSN-S SRT outcomes in three of the four conditions. Measures of auditory temporal processing, linguistic abilities, or hearing acuity up to and including 4000 Hz did not predict LiSN-S outcomes in this group.Conclusions: LiSN-S outcomes were poorer for adults aged 65 years or older, even those with good audiograms, compared with younger adults and also compared with people up to the age of 60 years from a previous study. In the present study, regardless of the types of cues, auditory and cognitive interactions were reflected by the combined influences on LiSN-S outcomes of high-frequency hearing acuity and measures of linguistic and cognitive processing. The data also suggest a hierarchy in the deployment of processing resources, which would account for the observed shift from linguistic abilities in the younger group to general cognitive abilities in the older group.