Wastewater network infrastructure in public health: Applications and learnings from the COVID-19 pandemic.
Wastewater network infrastructure in public health: Applications and learnings from the COVID-19 pandemic.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pgph.0000061
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发表时间：
2021-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Erickson, Timothy B
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Sharara, Nour;Endo, Noriko;Erickson, Timothy B
对社区新冠感染负担的准确评估可为当前大流行的公共卫生策略提供依据。基于污水的流行病学（WBE）利用下水道基础设施，通过测量污水中的病毒浓度来了解感染率。通过在不同节点获取下水道网络的信息，可以获得有关新冠疾病活动的重要见解。对污水处理厂层面的污水进行分析，能够对疾病趋势和病毒突变进行人群层面的监测。在社区层面，WBE可用于描述社区感染率的趋势，从而促进有针对性的疾病缓解工作在当地的开展。最后，在建筑物层面，WBE可以提示感染的存在，并促使个人进行检测。在这篇重要综述中，我们描述了通过不同层面的WBE分析可获得的数据类型、具体实施计划，以及基于传染病WBE监测数据可采取的公共卫生行动，并以新冠大流行期间WBE近期的成功应用为例进行说明。
Accurate estimates of COVID-19 burden of infections in communities can inform public health strategy for the current pandemic. Wastewater based epidemiology (WBE) leverages sewer infrastructure to provide insights on rates of infection by measuring viral concentrations in wastewater. By accessing the sewer network at various junctures, important insights regarding COVID-19 disease activity can be gained. The analysis of sewage at the wastewater treatment plant level enables population-level surveillance of disease trends and virus mutations. At the neighborhood level, WBE can be used to describe trends in infection rates in the community thereby facilitating local efforts at targeted disease mitigation. Finally, at the building level, WBE can suggest the presence of infections and prompt individual testing. In this critical review, we describe the types of data that can be obtained through varying levels of WBE analysis, concrete plans for implementation, and public health actions that can be taken based on WBE surveillance data of infectious diseases, using recent and successful applications of WBE during the COVID-19 pandemic for illustration.