Which agroforestry options give the greatest soil and above ground carbon benefits in different world regions?
Which agroforestry options give the greatest soil and above ground carbon benefits in different world regions?
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DOI：
10.1016/j.agee.2017.11.032
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发表时间：
2018-02-15
影响因子：
6.6
通讯作者：
Nayak, Dali Rani
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Feliciano, Diana;Ledo, Alicia;Nayak, Dali Rani
减缓气候变化和粮食安全是人类社会面临的两大挑战。农林业系统被定义为在外部和内部边界、农田或任何其他可用农田上存在的树木，可以提供减缓气候变化和食物。农林业系统有多种类型，其地上和土壤碳 (C) 固存率不同。固碳量取决于系统类型、气候、土地利用变化以来的时间和之前的土地利用。数据收集自总共 86 项已发表且经同行评审的关于世界不同农林业系统、气候和地区土壤和地上碳固存的研究。目的是了解哪些农林业系统提供最大效益，以及影响土壤和地上碳固存的主要因素有哪些。结果表明，平均而言，林牧混农林系统的土壤固碳量较高（4.38 tC ha(-1) yr(-1)），改良农林系统的地上碳固存量较高（11.29 tC ha(-1) yr(-1)）。平均而言，与其他气候下的农林业系统相比，热带气候下的农林业系统的碳效益更大，无论是土壤（2.23 tC ha(-1) yr(-1)）还是地上（4.85 tC ha(-1) yr(-1)）。在土地利用变化方面，最大的地上碳汇（12.8 tC ha(-1) yr(-1)）发生在退化土地被改良的休耕地取代时，最大的土壤碳汇（4.38 tC ha(-1) yr(-1)）来自草地系统向林牧系统的转变。变化实施时间是影响地上碳汇的主要因素，而气候对土壤碳汇的影响最大。分析结果可用于为从业者和政策制定者提供有关最有效的碳固存农林业系统的信息。缺乏实施土地利用变化之前的碳储量数据以及缺乏土壤采样设计和差异的报告是数据的主要限制。如果农林业系统预计将在气候变化减缓战略中发挥重要作用，则应在未来的研究中考虑报告这些数据的必要性。
Climate change mitigation and food security are two of the main challenges of human society. Agroforestry systems, defined as the presence of trees on external and internal boundaries, cropland, or on any other available niche of farmland, can provide both climate change mitigation and food. There are several types of agroforestry systems with different rates of above ground and soil carbon (C) sequestration. The amount of carbon sequestered can depend on the type of system, climate, time since land use change and previous land use. Data was collected from a total of 86 published and peer reviewed studies on soil and above ground carbon sequestration for different agroforestry systems, climates and regions in the world. The objective was to understand which agroforestry systems provide the greatest benefits, and what are the main factors influencing, soil and above ground carbon sequestration. The results show that, on average, more soil carbon sequestration occurs in agroforestry systems classified as silvopastoral (4.38 tC ha(-1) yr(-1)), and more above ground carbon sequestration occurs in improved fellows (11.29 tC ha(-1) yr(-1)). On average, carbon benefits are greater in agroforestry systems Tropical climates when compared to agroforestry systems located in other climates, both in terms of soil (2.23 tC ha(-1) yr(-1)) and above ground (4.85 tC ha(-1) yr(-1)). In terms of land use change, the greatest above ground carbon sequestration (12.8 tC ha(-1) yr(-1)) occurs when degraded land is replaced by improved fallow and the greatest soil carbon sequestration (4.38 tC ha(-1) yr(-1)) results from the transition of a grassland system to a silvopastoral system. Time since the change is implemented was the main factor influencing above ground carbon sequestration, while climate mainly influences soil carbon sequestration most. The results of the analysis may be used to inform practitioners and policy makers on the most effective agroforestry system for carbon sequestration. The lack of data on carbon stocks before the implementation land use change and the lack of reporting on soil sampling design and variances were the main limitations in the data. The need to report this data should be considered in future studies if agroforestry systems are expected to play an important role as a climate change mitigation strategy.