Electro-chemo-mechanics of lithium in solid state lithium metal batteries
Electro-chemo-mechanics of lithium in solid state lithium metal batteries
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固态锂金属电池中锂的电化学力学
DOI：
10.1039/d0ee02525a
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发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
32.5
通讯作者：
Huang Jianyu
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Tang Yongfu;Zhang Liqiang;Chen Jingzhao;Sun Haiming;Yang Tingting;Liu Qiunan;Huang Qiao;Zhu Ting;Huang Jianyu
以锂为负极材料实现高能量密度锂离子/金属电池是储能技术的终极目标。高离子电导率的固态电解质（ssi）的最新发展为固态锂金属电池（sslmb）的实际应用带来了巨大的希望，因为ssi的高机械强度可以用来抑制枝晶的生长。然而，从固-固接触到枝晶，再到锂与sbs之间的有害界面反应，这些新的多重问题阻碍了SSLMBs的应用。在这个新兴的sslmb领域，在实现sslmb的应用之前，必须在最基础的层面上了解这些新兴问题的基础科学。这些问题是相互关联的，它们源于锂固有的物理、化学和电化学机械性质。我们首先简要介绍了锂的历史，以及它是如何从一次锂金属电池的阳极发展到基于液体电解质的可充电电池的阳极，再到基于SSE的sslmb的阳极的。然后总结了关于大块锂、锂柱和锂晶须的力学性能的文献。我们从电化学-力学的角度分析了锂枝晶如何穿透sse并导致sslmb短路。我们确定了通过sse减轻锂枝晶扩展的可能策略，并总结了我们对锂与各种界面（如Li/Li7La3Zr2O12、Li/聚乙烯氧化物、Li/ na -超离子导体和Li/硫化物）反应的理解，最终目标是制定减轻有害界面反应和维持可持续稳定界面的策略。我们简要回顾了用于解决sslmb中具有挑战性的问题的表征工具。最后，我们指出了sslmb中的突出问题。
Using lithium as the anode material to achieve high energy density lithium-ion/metal batteries is the ultimate goal of energy storage technology. A recent development of solid state electrolytes (SSEs) with high ionic conductivity holds great promise for enabling the practical applications of solid state lithium metal batteries (SSLMBs), as the high mechanical strength of SSEs can be harnessed to suppress dendrite growth. However, the application of SSLMBs is hampered by the new multifold problems from the solid–solid contact to dendrites to deleterious interfacial reactions between lithium and the SSEs. In this burgeoning field of SSLMBs, it is imperative to understand the fundamental science of these emerging problems at a very basic level before the application of SSLMBs can be realized. These problems are inter-related and they arise from the intrinsic physical, chemical, and electro-chemo-mechanical properties of lithium. We start this review by providing a brief account of the history of lithium, and how it has evolved from the anode of primary lithium metal batteries to that of liquid electrolyte based rechargeable batteries and to that of SSE based SSLMBs. We then summarize the literature about the mechanical properties of bulk lithium, lithium pillars and lithium whiskers. We analyze from an electro-chemo-mechanical perspective how lithium dendrites penetrate through SSEs and cause short circuits in SSLMBs. We identify possible strategies to mitigate lithium dendrite propagation through SSEs, and summarize our understanding of the lithium reaction with various interfaces, such as Li/Li7La3Zr2O12, Li/polyethylene oxide, Li/Na-superionic conductor, and Li/sulfide, with the ultimate goal of developing strategies to mitigate detrimental interfacial reactions and maintain sustainable stable interfaces. We review briefly characterization tools to address the challenging issues in SSLMBs. We conclude by pointing out the outstanding issues in SSLMBs.
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