Anther and pollen development in sweet cherry (Prunus avium L.) in relation to winter dormancy
Anther and pollen development in sweet cherry (Prunus avium L.) in relation to winter dormancy
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DOI：
10.1007/s00709-018-01332-4
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发表时间：
2019-05-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Rodrigo, Javier
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Fadon, Erica;Herrero, Maria;Rodrigo, Javier
花药和花粉发育是被子植物中高度保守的过程，但是一年生植物的花粉形成在几天内发生，而温带木本多年生植物则需要几个月。花药和花粉发育的季节性在繁殖成功中起着明显的作用。本研究以两个甜樱桃品种为材料，对20多年来的花药和花粉发育过程进行了季节性研究，特别关注休眠期，并揭示了淀粉在这一过程中的作用。我们评估了淀粉含量从秋天到芽爆裂的帮助下，图像分析系统安装到光学显微镜。显微镜观察允许的时间关系的花粉发育的物候期的花和芽的发育被确定。在这两个品种和年份，花药和花粉发育遵循相同的模式。发育因休眠而停止，此时花药在冷藏完成后几周才显示出形态变化，直到较温和的温度重新激活发育。休眠后，淀粉在结缔组织中积累，直至导管分子分化。花药结缔组织中淀粉的定量分析揭示了其在支持花粉减数分裂和随后的花药生长中的重要性。
Anther and pollen development is a highly conserved process in angiosperms, but while pollen formation in annual plants occurs in a few days, in temperate woody perennials, it requires several months. How anther and pollen development is framed in terms of seasonality plays a clear part in reproductive success. In this study, seasonal anther and pollen development is characterized in two sweet cherry cultivars over 2years, paying special attention to the period of dormancy and unveiling the role of starch in this process. We evaluated starch content from the autumn until bud burst with the help of an image analysis system fitted to a light microscope. Microscope observations allowed the temporal relationship of pollen development to the phenological stages of flower and bud development to be determined. In both cultivars and years, anther and pollen development followed the same pattern. Development was halted by dormancy, when the anthers showed no morphological changes until several weeks after chilling fulfillment, until the milder temperatures reactivated development. After dormancy, starch was accumulated in the connective tissue until tracheary element differentiation. Quantification of starch in the connective tissue of anthers revealed its importance in supporting pollen meiosis and subsequent anther growth.