Development of the Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index.
Development of the Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index.
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DOI：
10.1002/j.0022-0337.1990.54.11.tb02481.x
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发表时间：
1990-11
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
K. Atchison;T. Dolan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
K. Atchison;T. Dolan
制定评估口腔健康状况的措施对于老年牙科科学知识库的发展和成熟至关重要。文献表明，老年人中口腔疾病的患病率很高，但缺乏有效和可靠的工具来评估口腔疾病对老年人或人群的影响。本文描述了老年口腔健康评估指数（GOHAI）的基本原理和发展，这是一种自我报告的措施，旨在评估老年人的口腔健康问题。在审查了文献并咨询了卫生保健提供者和患者之后，制定了一项试点工具。GOHAI最初在87名老年人的方便样本中进行了测试。然后，对洛杉矶县1755名医疗保险受助人的样本进行了修改。通过Cronbach's alpha测量，GOHAI显示了高水平的内部一致性和可靠性。GOHAI与牙齿健康单项评分以及与临床和社会人口学的关联支持了该指数的结构效度。牙齿较少、佩戴活动义齿和认为需要牙科治疗与较差（较低）的GOHAI评分显著相关。白人、受过良好教育、家庭年收入较高的受访者更有可能获得高GOHAI分数，这表明牙齿问题较少。有必要进一步应用GOHAI来进一步评估该仪器的有效性和可靠性，并建立由GOHAI测量的老年人口腔健康人口规范。
The development of measures for assessing oral health status is essential to the evolution and maturation of a scientific knowledge base in geriatric dentistry. The literature suggests a high prevalence of dental diseases in older adults, yet valid and reliable instruments to assess the impact of oral diseases on older individuals or populations are lacking. This paper describes the rationale for and the development of the Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI), a self-reported measure designed to assess the oral health problems of older adults. Following a review of the literature and consultation with health care providers and patients, a pilot instrument was developed. The GOHAI was initially tested on a convenience sample of 87 older adults. A revised instrument was then administered to a sample of 1755 Medicare recipients in Los Angeles County. The GOHAI demonstrated a high level of internal consistency and reliability as measured by a Cronbach's alpha of 0.79. Associations of the GOHAI with a single-item rating of dental health and with clinical and sociodemographic supported the construct validity of the index. Having fewer teeth, wearing a removable denture and perceiving the need for dental treatment were significantly related to a worse (lower) GOHAI score. Respondents who were white, well educated, and with a higher annual household income were more likely to have a high GOHAI score, indicating fewer dental problems. Additional applications of the GOHAI are necessary to further evaluate the instrument's validity and reliability, and to establish population norms of oral health in older adult populations as measured by the GOHAI.