Vulnerability of high-latitude soil organic carbon in North America to disturbance
Vulnerability of high-latitude soil organic carbon in North America to disturbance
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DOI：
10.1029/2010jg001507
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发表时间：
2011-07-28
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Striegl, Robert G.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Grosse, Guido;Harden, Jennifer;Striegl, Robert G.
这一综合解决了北美高纬度土壤有机碳库对气候变化的脆弱性。气候变暖在北极、亚北极和北方环境中造成的干扰可能会导致碳在主要水库中的显著重新分配，对全球产生潜在影响。我们将现今北部高纬度土壤有机碳库划分为(1)受季节性冻融过程和水分状况变化影响的近表层土壤，(2)深至几十米深的多年冻土和泥炭地，那里的有机碳通常不受短期变化的影响。我们讨论了导致北美大型高纬度SOC池形成的关键因素(多年冻土、植被、水文、古环境历史)和过程(C输入、储存、分解和输出)，并强调了与气候有关的干扰如何改变该池的特征和大小。相对缓慢但持续的新闻干扰，如自上而下的永久冻土融化，水文、微生物群落、土壤过程和植被类型的变化，以及相对快速和局部性质的脉冲干扰，如野火和热岩溶，可能会对有机碳储量产生重大影响。北美高纬度地区持续的气候变暖可能导致超过环境阈值，从而加速压力扰动，并越来越多地触发脉冲扰动，最终影响北部高纬度土壤的碳源/汇净特征。最后，我们评估了北部高纬度SOC池的干扰后反馈、模式和预测，并讨论了未来研究需要解决的数据和研究差距。
This synthesis addresses the vulnerability of the North American high-latitude soil organic carbon (SOC) pool to climate change. Disturbances caused by climate warming in arctic, subarctic, and boreal environments can result in significant redistribution of C among major reservoirs with potential global impacts. We divide the current northern high-latitude SOC pools into (1) near-surface soils where SOC is affected by seasonal freeze-thaw processes and changes in moisture status, and (2) deeper permafrost and peatland strata down to several tens of meters depth where SOC is usually not affected by short-term changes. We address key factors (permafrost, vegetation, hydrology, paleoenvironmental history) and processes (C input, storage, decomposition, and output) responsible for the formation of the large high-latitude SOC pool in North America and highlight how climate-related disturbances could alter this pool's character and size. Press disturbances of relatively slow but persistent nature such as top-down thawing of permafrost, and changes in hydrology, microbiological communities, pedological processes, and vegetation types, as well as pulse disturbances of relatively rapid and local nature such as wildfires and thermokarst, could substantially impact SOC stocks. Ongoing climate warming in the North American high-latitude region could result in crossing environmental thresholds, thereby accelerating press disturbances and increasingly triggering pulse disturbances and eventually affecting the C source/sink net character of northern high-latitude soils. Finally, we assess postdisturbance feedbacks, models, and predictions for the northern high-latitude SOC pool, and discuss data and research gaps to be addressed by future research.